864 GRAMINEJE. (GRASS FAMILY.) 



* Annuals. ' Spikes cylindrical. Culms usually several^ erect or ascending. 



t Leaves scabrous. 



1. P. ten lie, Sclirad. .3 to A. Spike .03 to .1 long, .003 to 

 .006 thick, glaucous; spikelets compressed, elliptical ; glumes coriace- 

 ous, glabrous, semiovate, incurved, acute, mucronulate, remotely 3- 



• nerved, connivent ; pales membranous, half as long as glumes, nearly 

 equal, the lower 5-nerved, ovate, truncate, denticulate, the upper nar- 

 row, 3-nerved — Spring — Grassy places ; coast. 



Var. ciliatuin, Boiss. Glumes ciliate at keel. 



2. P. exaratuni, Hochst. .3 to .4. Spike .03 to .1 long; 

 spikelets compressed, ovate ; glumes subcoriaceous, oblong, witli deep 

 grooves Iteticeen the 3 nerves, sparingly ciliate along upper part of keel, 

 acuminate, mucronulate, recurved at tip ; pales cibout afourthdi^ long as 

 glumes, equal, puberulent, the lower 3-nerved, ovate, obtuse, somewhat 

 fringed, the upper 2-nerved — Spring — Dry hillsides; Aleppo to Ain- 

 tab, and northward. 



1 1 Leaves smooth, or minutely scah'idulous at margin. 



3. P. Grajciiiii, Boiss. et Held. .3 to .4, Spike .03 to .08 

 long ; spikelets compressed, linear ; glumes membranous, 3-nerved at 

 back, pectinate-ciliate along Jceel, lanceolate, divergent above, aristate- 

 acuminate ; pales one-sixth as long as glumes, the lower ovate, truncate, 

 eroded, 5-nerved; the upper narrower, 2-nerved — Spring — Coast. 



4. P. arenarium, L. .1 to .2. Spike .01 to .03 long; spike- 

 lets compressed ; glumes lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, acuminate, 

 straight, not divergent at tip, 3-nerved, the keel ciliate ; pales one fourth 

 as long as glumes, the lower ovate, 3-nerved, obtuse, somewhat tooth- 

 ed, puberulent — Spring — Haifa ; Beirut. 



* =*" Perennials. Root-stooTc short, fibr if erous. Culms erect or geniculate helow. 



5. P. Boehmeri, Wib. 2f .2 to .4. Spike cylindrical, .02 to .06 

 long, pale; glumes linear-oblong, 3-nerved, scabrous or ciliate at keel, 

 aristate-mucronate, obliquely truncate below mucro ; pales two-thirds as 

 long as glumes, obtuse — May to September. 



Var. ciliatum, Griseb. Glumes longer, less oblique, with longer 

 mucro, ciliate — Ferruginous soil ; alpine and subalpine Lebanon, 

 Amanas, and northward. 



6._P. pratcnse, L. Ij! .3 to .0. Spike Fig. 387. 



cylindrical, .01 to .1 long, dense, green; glumes 

 oblong, scarious-margined, truncate at a right 

 angle at tip, 3-nerved at back, keel ciliate, pro- 

 duced into a straight mucro one-third to one- 

 fourth as long as glume ; pales one-third as long 

 as glumes, truncate — May. 



Var. nodosum, Boiss. Root-stock bulbous 

 — Jebel Baruk (Lebanon). 



7. P. alpinum, L. 2^ .2 to .4. Spike 

 ovate to oUong and cylindrical, .015 to .08 long, t^pikelet of Thleum piatense, 

 .008 to .01 thick, purplish; glumes oblong, magnified G diameters. 



hirsute, membranous-margined, truncate at a right angle at tip, 3- 



