873 GRAMINEiE. (GRASS FAMILY.) 



Glumes membrauous, concave, the lower sLoiter, the upper broader, as 

 long as floweret. Lower pale concave, bidentate or 2-4-cleft, in the 

 lower floweret with a long awn, twisted belov\^, inserted near or at the 

 base, in the perfect floweret with a straight awn near the tip or muti- 

 cous. Upper pale 2-keeled, 2-cleft — Perennials ; the ueck twisted, with 

 one or two rounded tubers; Si^ikelets on capillary pedicels in-loose 

 panicles. 



1. A. clatiiis, L. 2f .5 to .8. Glumes lanceolate, Fig. 396. 

 someichat oUiise, scabrous at keel, .007 long; doth loicer 



pales short-Jjidentate ; awn of staminate floweret inserted 

 helow middle, twice to twice and a half as, long as pale; 

 lower pale of perfect floweret sparingly hirsute, with awn 

 inserted near middle, barely exserted from glume or in- 

 cluded — April to Jun€ — 



Var. Pal£e§tiiiiiiii, Boiss. Spikelets smaller. 

 Lower pale of upper floweret appressed-hirsute for two- 

 thirds of its length — Lower and middle mountain zones ^, . , 



- , ° (a Glumes of A. 



of coast ranges. eiatius. (b) The 



2. A. Kot§cliyi,_ Boiss. If .5 to .8. Glumes Ian- ^^-S/^'IvvS 

 ceolate, acute, aristateicitJi excurrent nerve, scabrous at keel, lower pales. 

 .009 to .012 long; IjotJi lower pales MJid, the teeth also Ijifid ; awn of sta- 

 minate floweret inserted at hase, twice to twice and a half as long as 

 pale; lower pale of perfect floweret densely hirsute, with awn inserted 

 one-third its length below tip, barely exserted from glume — April to 

 June — Plateaux of Moab, Gilead, Hauran,. Damascus, and northward 

 to Aintab; Antilebanon above Zebedani (1500 m). 



46. DAKTHOl^IA, D. C. Wild Oat Grass. 

 Spikelets 2-ranked, 2-5-flowered, laterally compressed, the flowerets 

 perfect except the uppermost which is sterile. Axis jointed. Glumes 

 lit'arly equal, concave, as long as flowerets or longer. Lower pale 

 concave, many-nerved, bifid at tip, with a long awn, flattened and 

 twisted below, inserted between the teeth; upper pale 2-keeled — Pe- 

 rennials ; spikelets in a compact, spike-like panicle. 



D. Forskalilei, Vahl. 21 JIalfd. Shajaret-el-Jemel. .4, velvety, 

 root-stock tufted, indurated, with long fibres; culms procumbent at 

 base, often branched, then ascending. Leaves broad-linear, acuminate, 

 .01 to.OG long, rigid, crowded near base; upper sheath dilated, forming 

 a spathe to the panicle. Panicle .07 to .1 long, .01 to .015 broad; 

 spikelets o-flowered; glumes many-nerved, oblong-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, longer than flo^verets; lower pale coriaceous, long-bearded, 

 taperiug to a sharp spur-like base; awn as long as glume and twice as 

 long as teeth — Spring — El-'Arabah, and southward, and westward. 



47. CYXODON, Pich. Bermuda Gbass. Scutch Grass. Dog's 

 Tooth Grass. ^ Irq-en-Najil. 

 Spikelets 1-flowered, with a rudimentary floweret at base, imbricate- 

 spiked along the outer side of a long, flattened rachis. Glumes nearly 

 e<iual, keeled, somewhat spreading, muticous. Pales membranous, 

 tlic lower boat-shaped, the upper 2-keeled — Perennials, with digitate 

 spikes. 



C. I>actyloii, L. 2C Tayyin. Shilsh-el-Enjil. Root-stock creep- 

 many sterile branches with 2-ranked, short, linear, 



