164 XXII. GUTTIFER^ (oliver). [Si/mphofiia. 



here and there. — Mart. Nov. Gen. iii. t. 287 (Moronobea) ; Presl, Symb. t. 

 48 (Aneuriscus) . — See PI. et Triana, Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 4. xiv. 286. 



Upper Guinea. Gaboon and Old Calabar, Mann ! (? Niger, Barter !) 



Iiower Guinea. Golungo Alto, Angola, Lr. Wehvitsch l 



Grows also in N. Brazil to PaBaraa. The pistil and staraiual column I have seen con- 

 siderably more elongated in American than in African specimens. The specimen collected 

 by Barter on the Niger is in bud and is accompanied by a globose several-seeded fruit. So 

 far as the leaves and flowers are concerned, I find no ground whatever for regarding it as 

 distinct from Mr. Mann's specimens, but the difference in the fruit and seeds — the latter 

 being nearly smooth and not sinuous-rugose as in Mann's plant (the true S. globuliferd) — 

 leads me to think it may prove distinct and perhaps a species of Chnjsopia, Thouars (PI. et 

 Tr.). If so, it confirms the propriety of uniting Chrysopia with Symphonia, as is done 

 in the ' Genera Plantarura ' (1. c). In Barter's plant, the seeds have a separable papery 

 testa ; in Mann's, the testa appears to be closely adherent to the embryo, following the 

 convolutions of its surface. Barter says this tree yields " a gum like gamboge." 



3. PENTADESMA, Sabine ; Bentli. et Hook. f. Gen.. PI. i. 174. 



Flowers hermaphrodite. Sepals 5, imbricate, the inner larger. Petals 

 5, equalling or exceeding the inner sepals. Stamens numerous, 5-adelphous, 

 very shortly connate in each phalange ; filaments free above, continued to the 

 apex of the narrow elongate extrorse anther-cells. Ovary 5-celled, narrowed 

 into the elongate style divided at the apex into 5 spreading linear lobes; 

 ovules several in each cell. Pruit baccate with a thick fleshy pericarp, 3-5- 

 celled. Reeds large, 1 or 2 in each cell ; testa glabrous, shining ; albumen 

 ; embryo an undivided thick radicle {tigelii) ; cotyledons 0. — A large 

 glabrous tree, abounding in a yellow juice. Leaves coriaceous, penniveined. 

 Flowers large, red, terminal, solitary. 



A monotypic genus confined to W. tropical Africa. 



1. P. butyracea, Don, Gen. Syst. i. 619. Leaves coriaceous, or sub- 

 membranous on shaded barren shoots, shining, oblong-elliptical, sometimes 

 elongate-oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, shortly acuminate or rather obtuse, 

 rounded or cuneate at the base, with numerous parallel veins obliquely con- 

 necting the midrib and intramarginal vein, 5-10 in. long, 1^2| in. broad ; 

 petioles ^-\ in. or 1 in. on barren shoots. Flowers large, "terminal soli- 

 tary." Inner sepals 1 1-2 in. long, coriaceous, persistent. Phalanges of sta- 

 mens persistent. Fmit irregularly ovoid, 4-5 in. long by 3-3|- in. diam., 

 3-5-seeded; pericarp about \ in. thick, slightly rugose, abounding in a 

 yellow greasy fluid, exuding when cut. Seeds 1 1— 2 in. long by 1-lj in. diam. 



Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don! Dr. Kirk! Nun river, W, tropical Africa, 

 Mann ! (? Niger (leaves only), Barter !) 



This is the " Butter- and Tallow-tree " of W. Africa. 



4. GARCINIA, Linn.; Beuth. et Hook. f. Gen. PL i. 174. 



Flow^ers polygamous or dioecious. Sepals 4, in opposite pairs. Petals 4 

 (5 in G. Livingstonei) . Male fl. : Stamens indefinite. Free, tetradelphous 

 or monadelphous ; anthers erect or peltate, dehiscing longitudinally orcircum- 

 scissile. Female or hermaphrodite fl. : Staminodia various, free or united. 



