8 Lxviii. UMBELLIFERJE (hierx). [Sanieula. 



oated in aestivation. Disk flat. Fruit ovoid, somewhat compressed 

 laterally, with wide commissure, echinate with long- spines hooked at 

 the end ; ridges imperceptihle ; vittte 10, opposite the usual places for 

 ])rimary ridg-es ; carpophore 0. Seeds semi-terete. — Perennial erect 

 slender herbs. Leaves palmately divided with serrate raucronate ob- 

 ovate seg-ments. Umbels irregularly compound, terminal ; heads 

 small ; bracts narrow. Flowers usually monoecious, the outer flowers 

 stalked and male, the inner ones subsessile and female. 



A moderate-sized genus, widely dispersed over the temperate regions of the world. 



1. S. europaea, Linn.; DC. Prod. iv. 84. Glabrous and shining-. 

 JStem striate, 1-3 ft. hig-h. Radical leaves 1-3 in. wide, on long slender 

 petioles, from 1 J-9 in. long- ; the petioles of the upper leaves continu- 

 ally shortening-. Primary bracts 2, usually with 2 acute small lobes 

 near base; ultimate bracts of the involucre small and lanceolate. 

 Flowers few in the heads, pink or white. Styles long-, slender, spread- 

 ing. Fruit ^ in. long-. — S. capensiSj Eck. et Zeyh. Enum. PL Afr. Austr. 

 339, n. 218G. 



Vpper Guinea. Camaroons mountains, 4000-7000 ft. alt., fl. and fr. Dec. Feb. 

 Clarence Peak, Fernando Po, 4000 ft. alt., fr. Nov., Mann! 



Nile Iiand. Abyssinia, Schoata, fl. and fr. July, Schimper! 



Occurs over a very wide range in the mountainous regions of both America and Asia, 

 in moist situations in Europe, and also in South Africa. 



o. PYCNOCYCLA, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, i. 881. 



Calyx-teeth small, lanceolate, acute, patent in flower ; often unequal 

 in the outer flowers. Petals often unequal, especially in the outer 

 flowers, with an inflexed point, 2-lobed. Disk annular, consisting of 

 10 small undulations j ovary ovoid. Fruit cylindrical, with rounded 

 primary ridges, pubescent, with one carpel often partly-abortive ; com- 

 missure wide ; vittoe indefinite ; carpophore 0. Seeds subterete. — 

 Rigid erect herbs. Umbels compound, compact; involucres and invo- 

 lucels rig'id, entire ; central flower only in each umbellulate perfect. 



A small genus, occurring also in Western and Central Asia. 



1. P. glauca, Lindl. in Boyle lllustr. 232, t. 51. Perennial, 1 to 2 ft. 

 hig-h, branched from the base, subg-laucescent. Stem terete, slender, 

 .slig-htly pubescent arid furrowed. Leaves pinnately dissected, the ra- 

 dical ones long-petioled, clasping- at the base, with filiform acutely- 

 tipped segments, glabrous, or at base very nearly so ; the clasping- 

 base with shortly ciliate marg-ins ; furrowed especially on the sub- 

 <'ylindrical petioles ; the stem leaves very few, smaller, similar. Umbels 

 at extremity of long- pubescent peduncles, hemispherical, in flower about 

 i- in. in diameter ; involucre hispid, consisting- of several small, narrow 

 acute bracts; involucel similar and smaller, 1-veined. Flowe-rs sessile, 

 1) in a shortly stalked umbellule. Calyx-lobes pubescent outside and 

 ciliate, reddish in fruit. Petals white, with reddish midrib, curved in- 

 wards, with 2 large diverging- lateral enlarged lobes extending outwards 



