26 Lxviii. UMBELLiFERiE (hiern). [Caucalis. 



Umbels terminal of few manifest rays, with or 1 bract in the 



involucre. Flowers white . 1. C. infesta. 



Umbels opposite the leaves, subcapitate with several bracts in the 



involucre. Flowers dark purple 2. C. meUinaniha. 



1. C. infesta, Curt. ; Ft. Land. ed. 1, Fasc. 6, t. 23. Annual or 

 biennial herb. Stem erect, slender, branched, terete, finely striate, 

 glabrous at the base, with a few appressed hairs near the apex, J-3 ft. 

 high, usually geniculate at the nodes, with diverging branches. Leaves 

 pinnate or bipinnate, with stalked lanceolate pinnatifid acute segments, 

 on dilated petioles clasping at base ; pinnte spreading, appressedly 

 pilose. Umbels stalked and terminal at the end of the stem and 

 branches, erect, usually of 3 primary, each with about 5 secondary 

 rays. Involucre or rarely with 1 leaflike bract ; involucels of 

 several, lanceolate-linear acute pilose bracteoles, shorter than the secon- 

 dary rays. Flowers radiant, white j calvx-lobes obsolete ; polygamous, 

 small. Stylopods shortly convex; styles rather short. Fruit ovoid, 

 covered with long patent spines, hooked at the end and shorter than 

 the thickness of the ripe fruit, ^ in. long, with vague lines of ap - 

 pressed smaller bristles corresponding to the primary ridges. Primary 

 fruiting rays about -| in. long, secondary about yV i^- ^<^'^8'- Carpophore 

 entire, -f in. long. Seeds widely sulcate. — Scandix infesta^ Linn. ; 

 Cavcalis africana^ Thunb. Prod. 49 ; Torilis africanu, Spreng. in Schult. 

 Syst. vi. 486. 



Nile Z>and. Abyssinia, ScJdmper! Plcncden! Petit! 6000-10,000 ft. alt. 



Occurs also in Europe, temperate Asia, and N. and S. Afiica ; introduced into 

 Australia. 



Differs only from the European specimens in the shorter spines in proportion to the 

 diameter of the fruit. 



Tigre name, Danndk-Anschoa. 



2. C. melanantha, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.. Plant, i. 929. i-6ft. 

 high, root fusiform annual. Stem either short with several prostrate or 

 ascending branches, or lengthened and branched, subangular, pilose 

 especially towards the top, sometimes subglabrescent at base, geniculaul. 

 Leaves oblong or ovate, the lower ones on long or manifest petioles, 

 much dilated into long-veined and membranous sheaths, amplexicaul 

 at least at base, 1-6 in. long, bipinnate or the upper ones simply pin- 

 nate ; segments oblong or oval, pinnatifid or lobed at the base, incise, 

 dentate, or dissected into linear lobes, hispid especially on the stalks, 

 veins, and margins. Umbels subcapitate, \-\ in. high, on very long- 

 more or less pilose, axillary peduncles, hispido-pilose. Primary and 

 secondary fruiting rays yV^i i^- long. Involucre and involucels of 

 several linear-lanceolate piloso-ciliate leaves, rather exceeding the rays. 

 Calyx-lobes prominent, lanceolate, acute. Petals subentire, of a dark 



urple colour ; disk flat. Fruit somewhat compressed laterally, yel- 

 owish-green, with paler bristles, \ in. long; primary ridges 5, not 

 prominent, clothed with small bristles in 2 or 3 rows and directed up- 

 wards ; secondary ridges 4, more prominent, armed with longer bristles 

 in one row^ directed outwards and downwards, and glochidiate. Carpo- 



-%f; Yrr'h '^-■' r' ^: 



I 



