38 LXX. RUBIACEyE (eIEKN). 



XV. SpeumacocejK. 

 Fruit dicoecous, with indehiscent cocci. 



Flowers usually tetrameruus. Herbs ; stipules multisetose. 1^ -,. D ha 



Stigma sub-cipitate / 



Flowers pentamerous. Small shrubs; setae of the~j 



stipules about 2 or obsolete. Style with 2 short |>71. GtAillonia. 



linear branches J 



Fruit dicoecous with one or both of the cocci dehiscent. 

 Oviiry 2-celled. Corolla-lobes 4 or fewer. 



Calyx-teeth subulate, lanceolate or linear. Flowers 

 with several paleaceous intervening bracteoles or 

 without bracteoles. 



Fruit dividing into cocci from the t^p 72. Spermacoce. 



Fruit dividing into cocci from the bottom ... 73. Hypodematium. 

 Calyx-teeth 8 or 4, round. Flowers immersed in 



paleaceous bracteoles 74. Octodon. 



Ovary 3-celled. Corolla-lobes 'jsually o, occasionally 4 . 75. Richardia. 

 Fruit sub-didy^mous, bursting transversely across the 



middle 76. Mitracarpum. 



XVI. Galie^i.:. 



Flowers pentamerous 77. Rubia. 



Flowers tetramerous 78. Galium. 



1. SARCOCEPHALUS, Afzel. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 



p. 29. 



Flowers crowded on globose common receptacles, forming compact 

 pedunculate globose heads, without intervening bracteoles. Calyx- 

 tubes cohering ; teeth 5-6, hairy, jagged at the tip or in some species 

 with as many alternating appendages. Corolla narrowly funnel- 

 shaped, rather fleshy, glabrous, 5-lobed, imbricated in aestivation, 

 caducous. Anthers 5, subsessile, inserted at the mouth of the corolla, 

 ovate-oblong. Disk inconspicuous. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform, 

 exserted, caducous ; stigma oblong or fusiform, thicker than the style, 

 glabrous, emarginate or bifid ; ovules numerous, anatropous. Syn- 

 caVpium fleshy. Seeds small, not winged. — Trees or scandent shrubs 

 with subterete or obtusely quadrangular branchlets, opposite (or in 

 S. Busseggeri very rarely in whorls of three) subcoriaceons leaves, 

 inter petiolar caducous stipules, and terminal and axillary heads of 

 whitish pale pink or yellowish flowers. 



A small genus found also in Tropical Asia, North Australia and Queensland. 



In shape and colour the fruit may be compared to a strawberry, though in flavour it 

 resembles an apple; eaten to excess it acts as an emetic. Flowers smell like orange- 

 blossoms. Schweinfurik, " Heart of Africa," English edition, i. p. 192. 

 Calyx-teeth furnished with alternating filiform-clavate appendages 1. S. esculentus. 

 Calycine appendages not developed 2. S. Busseggeri. 



1. S. esculentus, Afzel. ex Sal. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 442, 

 t. 18 (1824). A glabrescent or puberulous tree with long branches or 

 often a scandent shrub, 10-25 ft. high or more. Leaves elliptical, 

 shortly acuminate, obtusely narrowed or nearly rounded at the base, 

 witl\ about 7-S lateral veins on each side, 2-8 by 1-4 in. ; petiole 



