Elephantopus.] lxxiii. composite (Oliver and hiern). 299 



1. S. soaber, L. ; BO. Prodr. v. p. 86. Erect herb from 2 to as 

 much as 8 ft. in height, more or less hirsnte or shortly villous ; stem 

 terete, striate, with short STibpatent hairs through ont. Leaves ob- 

 lanceolate to obovate- elliptical or -oblong, subacute or broadly pointed, 

 narrowed into short petiole, crenate-serrate with a minute apiculus or 

 mucro directed forwards on each serrature, scabrid, thinly hirsute or 

 glabrate- above, more or less pubescent or thinly hairy, especiallv on the 

 rather prominent nerves beneath ; cauline 4-8 in. long, l|-3^ in. 

 broad; petiole amplexicaul. Heads ^—^ in. diam., with an involucre of 

 3-6 ovate or ovate -rotun date bracts shorter than or a little exceeding 

 the head. Involncral scales 8, 2 -seriate, inner 4 twice as long as and 

 opposed to outer, oblong- lanceolate acute, outer lanceolate. Achenes 

 narrowed towards base, lO-costate, minutely setulose. Pappus 

 1-seriate, of 5-6 subequal slender minutely scabrid setee, dilated at base. 



Upper Guinea. Fernando Po and Prince's Island, Barter ! Mann ! Sierra Leone, 

 Afzelius ! 



Xrile Xiand. Karagu6, S-pehe and Grant ! Djur-land, Schweinfurth ! 

 A common weed throughout the tropics, reaching Northern AustraUa. 



2. E. senegralensis, 0. ^ H. Branches leafy, subterete, sulcate, 

 thinly setose or at length glabrous, with intemodes of 2-3 in. Leaves 

 linear-oblong, acute, obscurely or broadly crenate-denticulate, nar- 

 rowed at base into winged petiole which forms a short strongly-nerved 

 ochreate sheath round the stem, scabrid above and below with stiffish 

 hairs or setas ; 4-6 in. long ; ^-| in. broad. Capitula collected in a 

 solitary terminal head, 1-1^ in. diam., surrounded and much overtopped 

 by the sessile upper leaves broadly dilated at base, 3-4-flowered ; inner 

 scales of involucre linear-oblong, acuminate, outer lanceolate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, rigid or coriaceous, very acute, sheathed, at least in part, by 

 ovate -lanceolate coriaceous scales, acuminate and conduplicate above, 

 which equal or overtop the florets. Receptacle narrow. Corolla not 

 seen. Achenes subtrigonous or obtusely angular, clothed with short 

 whitish subappressed hairs, and with about 10 obscure costee, scarcely 

 perceptible until the hairs are removed. Pappus 2-seriate, setaceous, 

 setsB 00 , subequal, minutely scabrid. — Synchodendron senegalense, F. 

 W. Klatt in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. v. vol. xviii. p. 364. 



Vpper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot f 



9. ADENOSTEMMA, Forst.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PL ii. 239. 



Capitula homogamous, hemispherical ; scales sub-biseriate, imbri- 

 cate. Receptacle naked. Florets tubular ; corolla tubular or slightly 

 dilated, shortly 6-toothed. Anthers unappendaged or apex minutely 

 apiculate. Achenes 6-3-gonous, narrowed to base. Pappus of 3-6 

 short rigid gland-tipped setse. — Glabrous or pubescent herbs. Leaves 

 opposite, petiolate, penniveined. Capitula pedunculate, loosely panicled. 



A small genus confined to America with the exception of the following species, 

 which is a common tropical weed, reaching northward to Japan. 



1. A. viscoBum, Forst. ; DO. Prodr. v. p. IIL Herb, 2-4 ft. high, 

 erect or ascending, subsimple or branched ; branches terete or sub- 



