Eupatorium.] Lxxiii. composite (oliver and hiern). 301 



clavate. Achenes 5-angled, tmncate ; pappus setaceous, 2-3-seriate, 

 scabiid. — Herbs or shrubs usually with opposite, in the following 

 species with alternate leaves, entire or toothed. Capitula usuallj 

 corymbose. Flowers purplish or white. 



A large genus, most abundant in the New World, more sparingly represented in 

 Asia and' Europe ; -wanting with this exception in Tropical Africa and Australia. 



1. Xi. afrlcanum, 0. ^ H. Herb, probably 2-4 ft. ; branches 

 erect, striate, pubescent, obtusely angular, leafy. Leaves alternate 

 or here and there subopposite, ovate or ovate- lanceolate, obtusely 

 pointed, uppermost reduced and acuminate, dentate- or incise-ser- 

 rate, or upper leaves entire above, base rounded, 3-plinerved, 3 in. 

 long, 2 in. broad ; petiole ^ in. Capitula few- (about 5-) flowered, 

 oblong-campanulate, ^ in. wide, on short pubescent pedicels, collected 

 in dense corymbose terminal cymes, 1|— 4 in. broad. Involucral scales 

 about 8, sub-biseriate, inner oblong, obtuse, pilose above, outer shorter. 

 Achenes sparsely pubescent ; pappus 2-3- seriate, of about 30 scabrous 

 setae. 



xrile Xiand. Niamniam-land, Schwdnfurth ! 



Mozamb. X>lstr. Moramballa, alt. 1200 ft,, January, Dr. Kirk! 



E. simuihim. Lour, Fl. Coch. 487 {E. hispidum, Pers., DC. Prodr. v. 183), from 

 Mozambique Island, is unknown to us. De Candolle suggests it may be a Venwnia. 



12. MIKANIA, Willd,; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 246. 



Capitula homogamous, usually 4-flowered. Involucre oblong, 

 scales 4 (or 5), imbricate, nearly equal. Receptacle small, naked. 

 Corolla regular, tubular, infundibuliform above, 5-toothed. Anther- 

 base obtuse, tip ovate or lanceolate. Achenes acutely 5-angular, apex 

 truncate, pappus 1- (2-) seriate, scabrid, setss free or connate at base. 

 — Herbs or shrubs, usually scandent or twining. Leaves opposite, 

 petiolate. Capitula small, corymbose in the f oUowiug species ; florets 

 white, purplish, or pale yellow. 



A large American genus with the following outlier which is widely distributed in 

 the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 



1. M. soandens, Willd. ; DO. Prodr. v. p. 199. Twining or scan- 

 dent, attaining occasionally many (40) feet in height, glabrous or 

 pubescent ; branches terete, striate. Leaves from ovate to deltoid or 

 hastate, from a cordate or auricled base, acute or acuminate, snbentire 

 repand or dentate, membranous, varying from 1 or 2 to 5 iu. in length ; 

 petioles ^-5 in. Capitula J- J in. long, glabrate or puberulous, sub- 

 sessile, in terminal and axillary pedunculate corymbose panicles ; scales 

 oblong acute. Achenes glabrous or nearly so, usually sessile-glandular ; 

 pappus 1 -seriate, white or reddish. — Eupatorium scandens, L. ; Mikania 

 chenopodifolia, Willd., DC. I.e. 201 ; Af. naialensis, M. capensis and M. 

 oxyota, DC. 1. c. 198 ; M. mossamhiqiLensis, Steetz in Peters' Mossamb. 

 Bot. i. 377. Mikanioe specimen in Herb. Lindl. (Cantab.) ! M. 

 tamoidi, affine ex DC. 1. c. 203, obs. 2. 



ITpper Guinea. Senegambia, Sierra Leone, Don/ Afzelim! Niger. Fernando 

 Po, 2%. Vogel ! and others. Cameroons. 4-7000 ft., Manv ! Nun River, Mann ! 



