430 Lxxiii. composite: (olivbr and hiern). [Platycarpha. 



Acaulescent herbs with pinnatifid leaves and the densely congested 

 inflorescence sometimes 2-4 in. diameter immediately over the root- 

 stock. 



A small genus restricted to South Africa. 



A second species with more spinose involucres occurs in the Cape Flora. 



]. P. carllnoldes, 0. ^ H. Leaves numerous, spreading in a 

 stellate manner, oblanceolate, deeply pinnatifid, attenuate into a flat 

 broad petiole which dilates at base forming an involucre to the 

 clusters of heads, rugulose and puberulous above, shortly white-tomen- 

 tose beneath, 3-6 by l-lj in. ; lobes apiculate-denticulate, ovate or 

 rounded. Capitula oblong, nearly J in. long by -^^ in. thick, few 

 (about 4)-flowered, very numerous, collected into a dense cluster of 

 2J-3 in. diameter. Involucral scales about 10-12, glabrous, sublinear, 

 acuminate. Achenes glabrous, transversely wrinkled. Pappus pa- 

 leaceous ; palese about 12, unequal, ciliolate-fimbrillate. 

 South Central r. 23° S. Lat., Chapman and Baines ! 



96. ECHINOPS, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. p. 462. 



Capitula 1 -flowered usually numerous and densely aggregated in 

 globose heads : common involucre usually concealed, of small or setiform 

 reflexed scales. Partial involucres of numerous rigid imbricate pointed 

 or spinose bracts the outer necessarily shorter and usually passing 

 gradually or abruptly into slender setsa ; inner bracts sometimes fasci- 

 culate- spinulose near the apex. Corolla regular. Achenes elongate 

 subterete ; pappus of nearly free or connate more or less paleaceous 

 setae. — Spinose thistle-like herbs, frequently more or less hoary-tomen- 

 tose, with alternate pinnati- or bipinnatisect spinescent leaves and 

 solitary terminal globose compound heads, varying to 3-4 in. diameter. 



A considerable genus of the Mediterranean region and temperate Asia," wanting 

 south of the equator. 



Middle scales of the partial involucre simply acuminate or 

 cuspidate. 

 Scales of the partial involucre 20-25 in many rows. 

 Outer setaceous bracts subcompressed, tawny. 



Leaves linear . 1. E. longifolius. 



Leaves ovate or elliptical 2. E. amplexicaulis. 



Scales of the partial involucre about 17-20, in fewer rows. 

 Outer setaceous bracts nearly white, silky. 

 Some of the capitula with long projecting spines . . S. E. spinosus. 

 None of the capitula with long spines produced beyond 

 the rest of the cluster. 



Glandular-pubescent i. E. majcrochattu. 



Hispid . . b. E, hispidus. 



Middle scales of the partial involucre fasciculate -spinous. 

 Leaves glabrate above. Outer setaceous bracts nearly 



equalling the inner involucral bracts 6. E. hngisetua. 



Leaves hispid above. Outer setaceous bracts scarcely 

 half equalling the inner involucral bracts. 



Stem tall. Leaves pinnatifid I.E. giganteus. 



very short. Leaves bipinnatisect 8. E. cJ 



