JEchino^s.] lxxiii. composite (Oliver and hiern). 431 



1. S. longrifollus, A. Rich. Fl. Abyss, i. 452, t. 61. Erect peren- 

 nial, about 2 ft. bigh, branched from the crown of the root. Stems 

 simple, terete, glabrate or cottony, leafy. Leaves linear, sessile, am- 

 plexicaul, auriculate, closely spinously duplicate- serrate, glabrous and 

 shining above, white-tomentose beneath, acute, spinous-pointed, coria- 

 ceous, 6-12 by ^-IJ in. Heads about § in. long in flower, 1 in. in 

 fruit, numerous, crowded into a globose head of lJ-3 in. diameter. 

 Flower purple. Outer setaceous bracts about ^ in. long in fruit, com- 

 pressed, tawny. Inner involucral bracts in many rows, serrulate- 

 ciliate, lanceolate or spathulate, subulate at the tip, about 20-25 ; the 

 innermost connate nearly half way and ranging up to nearly 1 in. long. 

 Achenes densely pilose-setose at least towards the apex which overtop 

 the pappus. Pappus of many contiguous ciliate narrow scales which 

 are connate at the base. — E. serratifoUus, Schultz Bip. in Herb. Schimp. 

 Abyss, ii. n. 941. 



Vpper Guinea. Niger, Baikie! Mora, E. Vogd! (flowers blue), 

 arue &aiid. Abyssinia, Sckimper/ Q. Dillon and Petit f alt. 8000 ft.; G^allabat, 

 Schweinfurth ! Madi, Speke and Grant ! 



2. XS. amplezlcaulis, Oliv. in Trcms. Linn. 8oc. Lond. xxix. p. 

 101, t. 67. Erect, 4 ft. high or more. Stem leafy, sulcate, white- 

 cottony above. Upper leaves ovate or elliptical, acute or obtuse, pin- 

 nately lobed, scabrous above, shortly white-tomentose beneath, 3-9 by 

 2-6 in. ; lobes spinous-dentate, from a broad base terminating in a 

 spinous point. Heads 1-lJ in. long, very numerous, in a dense glo- 

 bose cluster of 3-4 in. diameter. Outer setaceous bracts not or scarcely 

 exceeding -J in., tawny. . Inner involucral bracts 20-25 glabrous, 

 ciliate-spinulose, linear-lanceolate or subulate, acuminate at tip, the 

 innermost connate nearly half way. Achenes appressedly pilose. 

 Pappus of numerous contiguous narrow ciHolate bracts connate at base. 

 Flowers pink. — EchinopSf no. 1, T. Thoms. in Speke, Joum., App. 

 p. 638. 



Vile Xiand. Usui, Speke and Grant ! Bongo-land, Schweinfurth ! 



3. B. splnosuB, JAnn. Mant. i. p. 119. Stem erect, branched, 

 3-6 ft. high, terete, more or less white-cottony, not glandular. Stem- 

 leaves sessile, ovate, pinnatisect, 2-8 in. long ; segments spinous-incised 

 or undivided. Heads about | in. long or including the long spines 

 that project from some of them about 1| in. long, crowded in clusters 

 of 3-4 in. diameter. Outer setaceous bracts sill^, ^-^ in. long, nearly 

 white. Inner involucral bracts about 17, narrowly spathulate or sub- 

 linear, acuminate ; sometimes one or two project far beyond the others 

 in a strong spine ; the innermost connate at least half way. Achenes 

 narrowly turbinate, densely setulose (in the spine-bearing heads). 



Pappus of setaceous ciliate scales connate nearly the whole way up. 



A. Rich. Fl. Abyss, i. p. 450. 



Wile Ziand. Abyssinia, Tigr6, Q. Dillon.' (fide Richard), Schimperf a. 1863, 

 n. 951. 



Extends to Egypt and Arabia. 



The description is taken from Egyptian specimens. 



