CnicUS.] LXXIII. COMPOSITiE (OLIVER AND HIERN). 435 



Leaves pinnatifid. Involucral bracts all acute. 



Leaves hispid-prickly above. Livolucral bracts quite 



entire 1. C. lanceolatus. 



Leaves puberulous. Involucral bracts ciliata-spinous . 2. C. polyacanthus. 

 Leaves undivided. Inner involucral bracts obtuse . . . 3. C. Schimperi. 



1. C. lanceolatus, Willd. Fl. Berol. Prodr. p. 259 (1787). An 

 erect branched annual or biennial herb, 1-5 ft, high. Branches thinly- 

 arachnoid, spinous-winged in the upper part. Radical leaves petiolate ; 

 stem-leaves lanceolate, sessile, decurreut, acute, pinnatifid, hispid- 

 prickly above, thinly white-tomentose beneath, from a few inches to a 

 foot long ; lobes lanceolate acute terminating in a long spine, ciliate- 

 spinulose. Capitula ovoid, 1-1^ in. long, solitary or few together on 

 very short pedicels at the extremities of the stem and branches. Invo- 

 lucral bracts narrowly lanceolate, acute, very numerous, the outer ones 

 somewhat cottony, the inner glabrous, spreading and arching in fruit. — 

 Carduus lanceolatus^ Linn. Sp. PI. edit. i. p. 821 ; Cirsium lanceolatum, 

 Scop. Fl. Carnio. ii. p. 130 (1772) ; Cirsium ahyssinicumy SchultzBip. 

 in Herb. Schimp. Abyss, ii. n. 1321 ; A. Rich. Fl. Abyss, i. p. 456. 



xrile Iband. Abyssinia, Sckimper f Q. Dillon Sf Petit ! Both / Ferret % Gnlinicr ! 

 Spread over Europe, temperace Asia, and North Africa ; introduced into America. 



2. C. polyacanthus, Hochsi. in Herb. Schimp. Abyss, ii. n. 1147 

 sub Cirsio ; Vatke in Linnaea xxxix. p. 510 (1875). Stem erect, 

 branched, sulcate- striate, puberulous, interruptly winged, some feet 

 high. Stem-leaves sessile, narrowly elliptic, narrowed at both ends, 

 pinnatifid, puberulous or glabrate, 2-8 in. long or more ; lobes ovate, 

 incise-dentate, spinous, separated by obtuse sinuses ; spines ranging up 

 to ■§ in. or more. Capitula campanulate, J-1 in. long, solitary or a 

 few together, very shortly pedunculate. Involucral bracts narrowly 

 lanceolate, terminating in a long spine, ciliate-spinous, glabrous, not 

 patent. Setas of the receptacle nearly ^ in. long. — A. Rich. Fl. Abyss, 

 i. p. 456. 



irile Ziand. Abyssinia, Sckimper/ 



3. C. Schimperi, Vathe in Linncea xxxix. p. 611 (1875). Stem 

 erect subsimple or branched, thinly arachnoid-cottony or subglabrate, 

 3 ft. high or more. Stem-leaves oval-oblong, sessile, shortly decurrent, 

 obtuse or subacute, apiculate, remotely serrulate- spinulose, white cot- 

 tony or obsoletely so beneath, ranging up to 6 by IJ in. Capitula 

 solitary, on peduncles of 1-3 in., hemispherical, 1-1^ in. diam,, with 

 narrowly lanceolate bracts near the base. Involucral bracts oblong 

 and obtuse or the outer ones lanceolate and acute, ciliate- spinulose, 

 thinly cottony or glabrous. — Cirsium arctotidifolium^ Sohultz Bip. in 

 Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. ^thiop. p. 144. 



Xfile Ziand. Abyssinia, Sckimper ! 



Var. inermia, 0. & H. Leaves narrowly lanceolate-oblong, scarcely spinulose, rang- 

 ing up to 7 by I in. 



srile Ziand. Abyssinia, Sckimper! 



Cirsium Buckinaeri, Schultz Bip. ex Schweinf. et Aschers. Enum. p. 284, name 

 only, from Abyssinia, is unknown to us. 



