Centaurea.'] Lxxiii. COMPOSITE (OLIVER and hiern). 437 



so, striate- snicate. Leaves linear- oval, acute, sessile, shortly bi-auricu- 

 late at the broad base, distantly or obsoletely denticulate, 2-10 by 

 ^-2 in. ; the upper ones gradually smaller, linear-lanceolate. Capitula 

 solitary subhemispherical ; involucre 1-1^ in. diam., pedunculate ; pe- 

 duncle ranging up to 9 in. long. Involucral scales ap pressed, yellow, 

 going off into an appressed black triangular or ovate appendix which 

 is decurrent on both sides and pectinate with pale cilia rather longer 

 than the width of the appendix. Ligule of the ray-florets pale red. 

 Pappus ^-^ in. long, setaceous, tawny. — Flectocephalas ahijssinicus^ 

 Boiss. I.e. p. 61 ; G. varianSy A. Rich. ; ft. macroceyhalay Vatke in Linnaea 

 xxxix. p. 512 (1875). 



Xrile Ziand. Abyssiuia, Schrmper ! Roth! 



o. C. Calcitrapa, Lhm. Sp. PL edit. i. p. 917. A rigid diffusely 

 branched scabrid glabrescent or subtomentose pale erect annual or 

 biennial, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves pinnatifid or pinnatisect, sometimes 

 lyrate or undivided, denticulate, sessile or the lower ones narrowed 

 into a short petiole, not decurrent, 1-4 in. long. Capitula ovoid, ^-J 

 in, thick, lateral and subsessile or terminating leafy branches, solitary. 

 Involucral bracts glabrous or arachnoid, shining, mostly terminating 

 in a long spreading yellowish spine some j-lj in. long with a few 

 smaller ones on each side ; innermost bracts sometimes with a wide 

 scarious unarmed lacerated tip. Flowers usually purple. Achenes 

 pale, shining, ^—^ in, long, without pappus. — C. Perrottetii, DC. Prodr. 

 vi. p. 598. ? C. Kotschyi Schultz Bip. (C. hordofana, Aschers.) in 

 Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. ^thiop. p. 307. 



Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Perrottet f (spines less stellate than in the typical 

 form), 



zrortb Central. Kouka, Bornu, ^. Vogel ! (many-headed and much-branched 

 form). 



XSTile Ziand. Cordofan, Kotschy ! (heads sometimes large). 



Widely spread over the North Temperate Zone. 



4. C. senegralensis, DO. Prodr. vi. p. 598. A coarse much- 

 branched scabrid annual or biennial, 2 ft. high or more. Stem-leaves 

 oval ovate or lanceolate, sessile, obtuse or the uppermost acute, apicu- 

 late, denticulate, semi-amplexicaul, scarcely or somewhat auriculate, 

 \-2 in. long. Capitula ovoid-globose, ^-§ in, thick, terminating leafy 

 branches, solitary. Involucral bracts glabrous or thinly arachnoid, 

 shining, mostly terminating in a long erect spreading or recurved pale 

 yellowish spine, some about 1 in. long with a few smaller ones on each 

 side ; innermost bracts with a wide scarious unarmed or mucronate 

 lacerated tip. Flowers purple, Achenes pale, shining, \ in, long, 

 furnished with a copious barbellate setaceous tawny or neaily white 

 pappus about ^ in, long. 



Vpper Guinea. Senegambia, Pen-ottet ! Lepricur ! 

 XTortli Central. Kouka, E. Vogel! 



write Ziand. r Cordofan (and Egypt), (? C. 2><'2>J'Osa, Schultz. Bip. in Schweiuf. 

 Beitr. Fl. ^'Ethiop. p. 284, name only). 



