446 Lxxiii. COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND hiern). IScolymtts. 



107. SCOLYMTJS, Linn. ; Benth et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. p. 604. 



Capitula homogamons, lignlate ; florets equal. Involucre ovoid or 

 snbglobose ; bracts in few rows, imbricated, the outermost (or floral 

 leaves) large, spinous-pinnatifid or -pectinate, exceeding the florets. 

 Receptacle elevated or conical, paleaceous ; paleae dorsally compresso- 

 plicate, enclosing the ovaries. Ligule truncate, 5-dentate. Anther- 

 base sagittate ; auricles mucronate-acuminate. Style-branches slender. 

 Achenes dor sally compressed, inclosed in and adnate to the obcordate 

 more or less winged paleas of the receptacle. Pappus of 2-3-barbel- 

 late setae which are wanting in our species, and of a denticulate annu- 

 lus at the apex of the achene.— Erect thistle-like herbs with alternate 

 spinous leaves, terminal or lateral sessile capitula, and yellow flowers. 

 A genus of 3 species chiefly Mediterranean. 



1. S. xnaculatus, Linn. 8p. PZ., edit. i. p. 813, A nearly glabrous 

 coarse rigid annual, 1-3 ft. high. Stem and spreading branches 

 whitish, winged by the decurrence of the leaves. Stem-leaves oblong, 

 sinuous-pinnatifid, spinous-pointed, sessile, about 2-3 in. long ; mar- 

 gins cartilaginous ; the radical leaves broadly spathulate, spinous-den- 

 tate, subpetiolate,. 3 by 1 in. ; the floral leaves pectinate. Capitula 

 nearly 1 in. long in flower. Inner involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, 

 ^ in. long, entire, pointed. Outer ligules nigro-pilose. Achenes 

 obovate. SetsB of the pappus 0. 



xrile ILand. Cordofan, Kotschy ! 



Occurs throughout the Mediterranean region. 



108. CICHORIUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. p. 506. 



Capitula homogamons ; florets all ligulate. Innermost involucral 

 bracts sub-uniseriate, subcoriaceous, at length concave and embracing 

 the outer achenes ; the outer involucral bracts few, shorter. Recep- 

 tacle nearly flat, naked or sparingly fimbrillate. Ligule truncate, 

 5-dentate at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base ; auricle mucro- 

 nate-acuminate. Style- branches slender, rather obtuse. Achenes 

 somewhat 5-angl^d or the outer ones rather compressed, obovoid, 

 truncate or margined at the apex. Pappus shortly paleaceous or 

 wanting. — Erect herbs, glabrous or sparingly hispid, with milky sap, 

 alternate leaves, sessile (as well as sometimes pedunculate) heads, and 

 blue flowers. 



A genus of 4 species, chiefly found in the northern hemisphere of the Old World. 



1. C calTum, Schultz Bip. in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol., ann. 1859, 

 p. 7 {nomen nudum) et in Schweinf. B&itr. Fl. JEthwp. p. 143 cum 

 descript. Annual. Stem erect, sparingly setose. Upper leaves ob- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, rounded at the base, sessile, sparingly setose 

 beneath especially on the midrib, unequally dentioulate, ciliate-sca- 

 brous ; the floral ones lanceolate-acuminate from a cordate base. 

 Capitula 2-3 together, approximated, sessile, the top one only solitary 



