30 xcviii. ACANTHACE^ (burkill). [Synnema. 



acute or almost obtuse, puberulous, J-2^ in. long, lJ-3 lin. broad. 

 Flowers in whorls at the nodes ; bracts resembling the leaves, 3-5 lin. 

 long. Calyx 3-3 J lin. long, 5-partite; lobes subulate-linear, densely 

 glandular-pubescent. Corolla white, 3 lin. long, 2-lipped ; lobes linear, 

 oblong. Stamens with slightly broadened filaments. Ovary glabrous. 

 — Adenosma africana^ T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 21. Cardan- 

 thera africana, Benth. k Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 1075. 



ITpper Guinea. Niger Territory : Nupe ; Jeba, Barter, 751 ! 



2. S. brevitubuxny Burkill. Stem pilose, quadrangular, branched. 

 Leaves, at least the upper, narrowly lanceolate, sessile, pilose on both 

 surfaces, entire, 2 in. long and 4 lin. broad. Flowers G-10, crowded at 

 each node ; bracts resembling the leaves, 3-5 lin. long. Calyx- 

 segments 5, acute, free, pilose, the posterior 4 lin. long and f lin. 

 broad, the others shorter and narrower. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 

 only 1 J lin. long ;' the upper lip rounded, 1 lin. long ; the lower much 

 larger, 4 lin. long, 3-fid and with 6 gland-like marks in pairs near 

 the median line. Stamens 4, their filaments inserted at the top of 

 the tube. Style hairy. Capsule 3 lin. long ; seeds many ; retinacula 

 short. 



ITpper Guinea. Gold Coast : Upper Volta ; Salaga, Kraune t Togoland : 

 Krakye, on the River Volta, Krause I 



This remarkable species has the habit of Stachys syloatica; I can compare the 

 appearance of the curious flowers to nothing better than those of Orchis Morio, which 

 in face view the corolla resembles. 



6. HYGROPHILA, R. Br. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PL ii. 1075. 



Calyx-segments 5, or 4 by the union of the anterior pair, equal or 

 unequal. Corolla contorted in the bud, bilabiate, the upper lip forming 

 a hood, the lower 3-lobed, usually plicate-rugose at the base. Stamens 

 4, the posterior usually smaller ; filaments of the upper and lower 

 stamen of each side frequently united at the base ; anthers muticous, 

 bilocular, lying under the hood. Style filiform ; posterior lobe of the 

 stigma extremely minute. Ovary many-ovuled. Capsule linear-oblong 

 or linear, compressed, its valves grooved on the back, 2-celled. Seeds 

 compressed, with hygroscopic hairs; retinacula slender. — Herbs often 

 glandular, erect or spreading, with entire leaves. Inflorescence various. 

 — PhysichiluSy Nees in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 310. Polyechmay 

 Hochst. in Flora, 1841, 376. Asteracantha^ Nees in Wall. PI. As. Bar. 

 iii. 75. Nomaphila, Blume, Bijdr. 804. 



A genus distributed through the tropics. All the African species, of which I 

 have seen ripe seeds, show abundantly the hygroscopic hairs ; those of the section 

 Nomaphila from Asia, however, do not do so to the same extent. 

 ♦AsTERACANTHA. Flowers densely packed at the nodes ; with 



2-6 spines in each whorl . . . . . . 1. H. apinoaa, 



**Edhtorophila. Flowers sessile, or almost so, in the axils, 



either forming false whorls along the stem or spikes 



towards the apex. 

 Flowers 14-20 at each node. 



Leaves 2 in. long ; sepals 2 lin. long . . . . 2. H. barhata. 



Leaves 3i in. long ; sepals 3-4 lin long . . , 3, H. lutea. 



