xii CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS 



base. Carpels solitary, or many, free or connate; styles as many as the carpel*, free. 

 Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees. Leaves alternate ; stipules none or small. 



CIX. PoLYGONACEvE. Perianth herbaceous or membranous, sometimes coloured 

 4-6-merous, rarely adherent to the base of the ovary. Stamens perigynous, usually 

 6-9 (in Symmeria 20-30) ; filaments free or connate at tlie base. Ovary 1-celled, 

 1-ovuled; styles or style-arms 2-3. Seeds with superior radicle. Herbs or shrubs. 

 Leaves alternate, dilated at the base into a membranous sheath ; stipules usually 

 ochreate. 



Series ZZ. — Multlovulatae Aquaticae. Submerged herbs. Ovary syn- 

 carpous 1-3-celled, superior; ovules numerous in each cell or on each placenta. 



ex. PoDOSTEMACE^. Herbs of various habit, often resembling mosses, foliaceous 

 or frondose hepaticse and algae. Perianth minute or absent. Stamens 1 to many. 

 Ovary with 2-3 cells or placentas. Seeds exalbuminous. 



Series ZZZ. — Multlovulatae Terrestres. Terrestrial herbs or shrubs. 

 Ovary syncarpous, inferior ; ovules numerous in each cell or on each placenta. 



CXI. Cytinace-E. Fleshy root- or branch-parasites, leafless or with the leaves 

 reduced to scales. Seed albuminous; embryo small. 



CXII. Aristolochiace^. Erect or climbing leafy herbs or shrubs. Seed with 

 fleshy albumen; embryo small. 



Series ZV. — Mlcrembryeee. Ovary syncarpous, monocarpous or apocarpous ; 

 ovules solitary (rarely 2 or few) in each carpel. Seed with copious fleshy or floury 

 ' albumen ; embryo minute or small. 



CXIIL PlPEBACE^. Stamens 2-6, free. Ovary syncarpous, l-celled and 

 1-ovuled in the Tropical African genera. Herbs or shrubs, erect or climbing. 

 Leaves alternate, rarely opposite or verticillate. Flowers minute, spicate. 



CXIV. Myristicace^. Stamens 2-30, monadelphous. Carpel solitary; ovule 

 1, subbasal. Radicle inferior. Trees. Leaves alternate, often with pellucid dots. 

 Flowers small, variously arranged. 



CXV. Monimiace^. Stamens numerous ; anthers frequently subsessile. Carj^els 

 many, distinct, or in Xymalos and Plagiostyles solitary; ovule erect or pendulous. 

 Radicle inferior or superior. Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite or alternate. 

 Flowers in axillary fascicles, cymes or racemes. 



Series V. — Bapbnales. Carpel solitary, very rarely several united ; ovules 

 solitary or 2 collateral, very rarely i?» superposed pairs. Perianth usually calycine, 

 sometimes coloured ; lobes 1-2-seriate. Stamens as many ar twice as many as the 

 perianth-lobes, or in Hernandiacece fewer. Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs. 



