Luzula.] cxLvi. JUNCACE^ (baker). 97 



long deciduous hairs. Stem short, terete. Inflorescence a dense terminal 

 panicle ; flowers many in sessile clusters ; lower branches subtended by- 

 reduced leaves ; flower-bracts small, ovate, acuminate, pale, ciliate. 

 Perianth-segments lanceolate, dark brown, ^V in. long. Stamens 0, 

 rather shorter than the perianth. Capsule ovoid-trigonous, dark brown, 

 shorter than the perianth. — Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 187. 



IMtozamb. Slst. German East Africa : Kilimanjaro ; Mawenzi Peak, 12,300 ft., 

 Volkens, 1365 ! 



Order CXLVII. PALMJE. (By C. H. Wright.) 



Flowers usually small, regular or subregular, hermaphrodite or 

 unisexual. Sepals 3, distinct or united, in the male flower open or 

 imbricate in aestivation, in the female usually widely imbricate. Petals 

 3, distinct or united, valvate or imbricate in aestivation. Stamens G to 

 many (rarely 3), inserted at the base of the petals or in the corolla-tube ; 

 anthers elongate, sometimes sagittate, basi- or dorsi-fixed, dehiscing 

 longitudinally ; filaments free or connate, subulate or filiform ; stami- 

 nodes various. Ovary superior, more or less globose, entire or 3-lobed, 

 or of 3 distinct carpels, 3- or more celled, often represented by a 

 rudiment in the male flowers ; style very short or none ; stigmas 3, 

 erect or recurved ; ovules solitary, erect, pendulous or attached to the 

 inner angle of the cell. Fruit seated on the more or less enlarged calyx 

 and corolla, dry, baccate or drupaceous, bearing at its apex, side or base 

 the remains of the stigma, 1- or more celled, rarely of 3 distinct carpels, 

 in Tribe Lepidocaryece covered with retrorsely imbricate scales ; mesocarp 

 often containing fibres ; endocarp membranous, crustaceous, woody or 

 stony, smooth or marked inside with the branches of the raphe. Seeds 

 of the same shape as the cell, free or adherent to the endocarp ; hilum 

 basal or lateral ; raphe short or long, usually branched and the branches 

 often much reticulated ; albumen horny or cartilaginous, more rarely 

 oily, solid or hollow, homogeneous or ruminate ; embryo small, conical 

 or cylindrical, usually near the hilum on the dorsal side, more rarely 

 lateral or apical. — Solitary or gregarious plants, monocarpic or polycarpic. 

 Stems robust or slender, simple, more rarely branched (in IlyphcEne), 

 erect or climbing, smooth or spiny, ringed or bearing the scars or remains 

 of old leaves. Leaves collected in a crown near the apex of the stem 

 or scattered along it, usually very large, at first entire, then splitting 

 pinnately or flabellately into more or less distinct leaflets, induplicate 

 or reduplicate in vernation ; rhachis in the pinnate leaves convex on 

 the back, keeled above, channelled along the sides where the leaflets are 

 inserted ; petiole subcylindrical or more or less channelled on the upper 

 side, in flabellate leaves produced into a ligule at the apex, more or less 

 sheathing at the base ; margins of sheath often breaking up into fibres. 

 Inflorescence (spadix) on a long peduncle from amongst the leaves or 

 on a short one below them, monoecious, dioecious or polygamous, branched 

 or simple ; spathes various in number and shape ; bracts and bracteoles 

 distinct or connate into a cup, or cylindrical or wanting. 



