Cocos.] cxLVii. PALM^ (wuioht). 127 



thick, spongy, and with longitudinal fibres ; endocarp bony, 3-4 

 lin. thick, adnate to the fibres of the mesocarp, dark brown, with 3 

 ridges connate at the apex ; pores 3, basal. Seed ovoid, hollow, when 

 young filled with a milky fluid ; albumen rather hard, white ; embryo 

 oblong, slightly attenuate below the middle. — Mart. Palm. ii. 12;>, 

 tt. 02, 75, and 88, figs. 3-6, and in Miinch. gel. Anzeig. 1838, 03!), 

 1839, 45 ; Kunth, Enum. iii. 285; Kirk in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 231 ; 

 Grant in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 187 ; Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot. 

 V. 20G, 218 ; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 3, C. 131 ; Beccari in Malpighia, 

 i. 441; J. Braun in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1880), 147 ; 

 Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 52 ; Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 

 vi. 482; Drude in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 112; Durand ct Schinz, Etudes 

 Fl. Congo, i. 274 ; Rendle in Cat. Afr. PI. Welw. ii. 84. 



Upper Guinea. Senegal: St. Louis, Brunner ! Gambia and Cape Verde, 



B runner ! 



JaO'wer Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, ex Henriqnes. Lower Congo . at 

 Yioixio., Dupuis ; and at other points, i«?nvw^. Angola: Loando ; Illia de Lo.mdo, 

 Wehvitsch, 6661 ! 



XVEozamb. Slst. Zanzibar : very abundant, ex Speke Sf G-ranf. German 

 EastAfrica : a few on the coast, ex Speke Sf Grant. Portuguese East Africa : a 

 few trees above Tete on the left bank of the Zambesi, ex Kirk. 



Also in Tropical Asia and Polynesia. 



The cocoa-nut. Native name in the Island of St. Thomas, Coqneiro. 



Order CXLVIII. PANDANE^. (By C. H. Wright.) 



Flowers unisexual. Perianth none or (in Sararanga) rudimentary. 

 Male flowers : Stamens usually many, hypogynous or spicate or um- 

 bellate on the axis; filaments filiform, short or long ; anthers 2-celled, 

 dehiscing longitudinally. Female flowers: Ovary 1- to many-celled ; 

 stigmas as many as the cells of the ovary, erect or more or less adpressed 

 to the top of the ovary, usually sessile ; ovules solitary and laterally 

 fixed, or numerous on parietal placentas. Fruit drupaceous or bar'cate, 

 1- to many-celled ; mesocarp fibrous or succulent ; endocarp often long. 

 Seeds with thin testa in the drupes, crustaceous in the berries ; embryo 

 basal. — Shrubs or trees. Stem simple or branched, often supported on 

 thick adventitious roots. Leaves narrow, often imbricate in spirals, 

 sheathing at the base. Inflorescence spicate, capitate, or paniculate, 

 unisexual, rarely polygamo-dioecious ; flowers usually sessile and 

 crowded ; bracts spathe-like. 



Genera 3 ; species about 220, widely spread through the Mascarene Islands, 

 Tropical Asia, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia, and extending outside the tropics in 

 India and Australia. 



1. PANDANUS, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 949. 



Flowers unisexual. Perianth none. Stamens many, spicate on the 

 axis of the inflorescence, or umbellate, fascicled or racemose on the floi-al 

 axis ; anthers linear or oblong, basifixed, erect, sometimes apiculate 



