134 cxLix. TYniACE.E (brown). 



Concerninp: tlie affinities of (liis family, see Celakovsky in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1891, 

 117, 154, 195, 224, and 26G ; also Giaebner in Engler, Pflanzenreicb, Ty^hacea. 



1. TYPHA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 955. 



Flowers densely crowded into simple cylindric spikes ; the male 

 spike terminal and separated from the female spike or contiguous to it. 

 Male flowers irregularly intermingled with variously shaped scales or 

 slender, clavate, curved filaments. Stamens with their filaments 

 variously connate ; anthers linear, basifixed, 2-celled, connective pro- 

 duced beyond the cells ; pollen simple or compound. Female flowers 

 ebracteolate or mingled with slender clavate or spathulate bracteoles, 

 and often with abortive clavate female flowers {carpodia) mixed with 

 them. Perianth composed of several very fine simple or clavate hairs. 

 Ovary superior, stalked, at least after fertilization, narrow, 1-celled, 

 with a solitary pendulous ovule; style elongated, slender, erect; 

 stigma linear or lanceolate. Fruit minute, stalked, ellipsoid or sub- 

 cylindric, with a thin membranous pericarp. Seed subcylindric or 

 narrowly ellipsoid, albuminous ; testa thin ; embryo axile. — Aquatic or 

 marsh herbs with creeping rhizomes and erect stems. Leaves alter- 

 nate, linear or strap-shaped, parallel-veined. Flowering-stem erect, 

 simple, terminated by the dense cylindric superposed unisexual flower- 

 spikes. Bracts none, or linear and deciduous or caducous. 



Species about 18, but probably some are only varietal forms, widely distributed. 

 Female flowers with bracteoles (see also T. capensis). 

 Stigma linear. 



Bracteoles much longer than the hairs . . 1. T. angustata. 



Bracteoles about as long as the hairs or but slightly 

 exceeding them. 

 Bracteoles obovate-, obcordate-, or orbicular- 



spathulate . . . . . . 2,. T. angustifolia. 



Bracteoles lanceolate-spathulate . . . 3. T. anstralis. 

 Stigma lanceolate . . . . . . . 4:. T. Schimperi. 



Female flowers without bracteoles ; stigma lanceolate, 

 Bracteoles of nmle flowers simple, linear, acute, 



whitish ; pollen compound . . . . 5. 2^. latifolia . 



Bracteoles of male flowers forked or toothed, 



brownish ; pollen simple . . . . Q. T. capensis. 



1. T, angustata, Bory d: Clmuh. Exped. Sc. de Moree, m. pt. 2, 

 338. Plant 5-9 ft. high. Leaves 2-5 lin. broad, convex on the back 

 at the base. Male and female spikes subequal or the male longer, 

 \-l in. distant, very rarely contiguous. Male flowers with bracteoles 

 varying from filiform to narrow lanceolate-spathulate, entire or toothed, 

 acute, light brown ; pollen simple. Female flowers bracteolate ; brac- 

 teoles much longer than the hairs, lanceolate-spathulate or elliptic- 

 spathulate, acute; stigmas linear, a little longer than the bracteoles; 

 hairs simple. — Rohrb. in Yerhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xi. 87-89, 

 incl. vars. lejilocarpa, Rohrb. & cethiojnoa, Rohrb.; Kronfeld in Ver- 



