Zannichellia.] cliii. naiadace^ (bennett). 225 



short ; stigma peltate, crenate. Fruit of 4 (rarely less or more) long, 

 incurved achenes. Seeds pendulous, cotyledonary end folded on itself. 

 — Slender submerged fresh, brackish, or salt water plants. Leaves 

 mostly opposite, linear or capillary, with stipular sheaths. Flowers 

 small, in pairs or solitary, in a membranous perianth. 

 Species 4-6 ? Temperate and Tropical regions. 



1. Z. palustris,Zmn. Sp. PL ed. i. 969. Fruit sessile, or subsessile; 

 bract about half as long as the rest of the fruit. — A. Bennett in Dyer, 

 Fl. Cap. vii. 50. 



]bower Guinea. German South-west Africa : Amboland ; Kilev?*, ScMnz, 

 12! 



Also in North and South Africa, and Mada^rascar. 



6. ZOSTERA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 1017. 



Male flowers of single sessile anthers. Female flower of a solitary 

 1-ovuled carpel; style persistent; stigmas 2. Fruit membranous. 

 Embryo grooved. — Submerged marine plants with dark ribbon-like 

 leaves. Rootstocks matted, creeping. Stem compressed. Leaves 

 sheathing, long, linear; stipules adnate to the sheathing leaf-base. 

 Flowers in series of anthers and carpels on one surface of a linear 

 spadix, enclosed in a leaf-like spathe. 



Species 4. Coasts of Europe, Asia, and America. 



1. Z. nana^ Roth, Enum. PI. Germ. i. 8. Leaves narrowly linear, 

 1-3-nerved. Peduncle of spathe filiform ; spadix strap-shaped oblong, 

 with small inflexed bands. Fruit shorter than in Z. mariiia, and 

 nearly smooth. — A. Bennett in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vii. 51. Z. minor, 

 Nolte ex Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. vii. 2. Z, pumila, Le Gall, Congr. 

 Sc. Fr. xvi. i. 144. Halodule (?) Wrightii, Aschers. in Sitz. Ges. Naturf. 

 Fr. Berl, 1868, 19, and in Anleit. z. Wissenschaft. Beobacht. 1888, 

 201 (ex Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 502). 



Iiower Guinea. Angola : Ambriz ; plentiful near the mouth of the River 

 Loje, near Ambriz, Welwitsch, 246b ! Loanda ; plentiful all along the shore, 

 Welwitsch, 246 ! 



Also in Madagascar, North and South Africa, Atlantic Ocean, Black and Caspian 

 seas. 



I have seen no specimens of Zostera marina, Linn., from Tropical Africa ; but it 

 occurs in North and South Africa. 



7. NAIAS, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 1018. 



Male flower solitary. Anther 1-4-celled in 2 sheaths or tubes. 

 Female flower : Perianth 0, or membranous and adherent. Carpel 1 ; 

 stigmas 2-4, slender; ovule erect. Achene oblong. Seed erect; 

 embryo straight. — Submerged plants with branched filiform smooth or 



