420 CLvi. CY?ERACE^ (clarke). \ Fimhristylis, 



As throughout the Order Cifperaceae, the apparently ti'ansverse wrinkles or 

 wavy lines ori the nut of F. exilis, jire due to the longitudinally oblong superficial 

 cells, the ends of which (by a thickening at their junction) give the ai)pearance of 

 transverse wTinkies. F. Hensii shows none such ; because the superficial ceils are- 

 nearly quadrate. 



12. P. cioniana, P. Savi inMemo7\ Vcddai^. iii. (1842) 98, with a 

 figure. Umbel rather dense, of 10-25 spikelets. Spikelets -J-l in. long, 

 pale ferruginous. Points of the glumes rather long, suberect. Nut small,, 

 yellowish, with transverse wavy lines ; otherwise as F. eocilis. — Pari. Fl. 

 Itai. ii. 74 ; C. B. Clarke in Durand &. Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 602; 

 Durand & Schinz, Etudes FL Congo, i. 299. F. lioniana, Steud. Syn. 

 PI. Glum. ii. 112. F. hispidula, var. cioniana, Boeck. in Linnaea,. 

 xxxvii. 28. 



"Upper Q-uinea. Niger Territory : Aboh, Barter, 132 ! Nupe, Barter, 127 I 

 1211! 



Wile Ziand. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schuieinfnrth, 2122 

 partly ! 



Iiower Crulnea. Lower Congo : Lutete and Lukungn, Hens, 36 ! 185 ! 303 I 

 Stanley Pool, Demeuse, 155 ! Luja, 70 i 



Soutb Central. Congo Free State : Lusambo, on the River Sankuru^ 

 Duchesne. 



Also in rice-fields in Italy. 



13. F. tenera, Roem. d' Schultes, Syst. Veg. ii. Mant. 57. Annual^ 

 glabrous, except the glumes. Stem slender, 8 in. long. Leaves ^ the 

 length of the stem, o-V-tV ^^' ^^o^^- Umbel loose, subcompound, of 

 7-10 solitary spikelets ; bracts 2-3, setaceous, shorter than the umbel. 

 Spikelets ellipsoid-lanceolate, nearly Jin. long, xV^^- ^^'oad, 10-fiowered. 

 Glumes ovate, acuminate, submucronate, boat-shaped, adpressed^ 

 glanduiar-paberulous, chestnut-red, keel yellow, margins conspicuously 

 scarious. Style 3 -fid, longer than the nut, deciduous together with its 

 pyramidal base, glabrous. Nut hardly J the length of the glume, 

 obovoid, round-trigonous, white or pallid, coarsely reticulate, smooth or 

 sometimes subtubercled. — Kunth, Enum. ii. 245 ; Boeck. in Linnsea, 

 xxxvii. 2^ ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 642, and in 

 Durand (fe Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 610. F. muriculata, Benth. in 

 Hook. Niger Fl. 554. F. muricata, Walp. Ann. iii. 688. F. muri- 

 catulay Steud. Syn. P). Glum. ii. 113. 



Tf pper Oainea. Senegam'Dia, Leprieur ! Edge of the Sahara, Heudelot, 

 324 1 Gold Coast : Accra, Bon ! 



The typical F. tenera lias only been seen from West Tropical Africa. The 

 varieties /3 oxylepis (F. oxylepis, Steud. Syn. PI. Glum. ii. 110) and y ohtnmta 

 C. B. Clarke (in Hook. f. Fl. Krit. Ind. vi. 642), are not rare in India Hud 

 Malaya. 



14. P. schweinfurthiana, Boeck. in Flora, 1879, 565. Annual,. 

 glabrous. Stems tufted, 8-12 in. long, slender ; basal sheaths fimbriate, 

 fuscous. Leaf on the uppermost sheath J the length of the stem, oV-ye 



