the fair are usually for cash or short credit, and in any casd 

 they do not give credit longer than for one harvest. 



The Kasais or butchers are to be found at all fairs, their inter- - *>~ 

 est being chiefly centred in procuring worn out or useless animals 

 for the slaughter-house or the hide merchants. But in the south- 

 eastern districts they combine with their usual trade a certain 

 amount of business in agricultural cattle which they supply to 

 the districts of A mbala, Delhi, and Karnal, and to the United 

 Provinces. Their dealings closely resemble those of the Aroras, 

 the price demanded being enhanced so as to include interest, and 

 being recovered remorselessly in two or three instalments at suc- 

 cessive harvests. 



An important and yearly increasing body of traders are the 

 Sikh Jats from the districts of *the Central Punjab and from the 

 Lyallpur colony. It is noteworthy that several co-operative 

 credit societies in Lyallpur and elsewhere utilize their surplus 

 funds in buying up high class bullocks in Hissar, and selling them 

 again at a considerable profit to neighbouring villages of 

 their districts. The Jat Sikh of Patiala, Nabha and Jind is to be 

 found in great numbers at the Hariana fairs, and according to 

 the Shahpur report much of the import trade in buffaloes to 

 the Jhelum colony is in their hands. 



A large proportion of the import trade in Bhagnari, Massuwah 7 

 and Dajal cattle into Mnlban and the neighbouring districts is in 

 the hands of Baloches, Pathan Fakirs and Sikhs. The Baloches 

 occasion ally sell for cash down, bat usually trade on the 

 credit system, charging 5 to 10 rupess as earnest-money and 

 recovering the remainder after six months. They also occasional- . 

 ly recover one-third of the price at the time of sale, and the rest 

 in two equal six-monthly instalments. These traders remain 

 for some time at the Khuni Burj just outside the city of 

 Multan in order to dispose of their cattle. 



A considerable trade of inferior class of animals is carried 

 on by low classes and menials such as Labanas of Lahore 

 and Ferozepore, Gujars and Changars of Sialkot and Gujrat, 

 Fakirs of Jullundur and Gurdaspur, and Nais and Telis of all 

 districts. Perhaps the most striking instance of enterprise in the 

 cattle trade is the fact that the import of cattle from the Massuwah 

 tract in Sindh and of Bhagoari cattle into the Central Punjab is 

 very largely in the hands of a colony of Mirasis in the Sharakpur . 

 tahsil, who are financed by banias in the neighbourhood of their 

 villages. Kakezais of Sialkot and Gujaranwala also undertake 

 imports from Sindh. 



