51 



but hopelessly cross-bred and exhibiting the defects of each type 

 in a markod degree. These bulls were undoubtedly less hardy 

 than those of the Hariana breed found in the best villages of 

 Hissar and Rohtak. Bub since 1 900 the Hissar Farm has endea- 

 voured to breed as near the Hariana bulls as possible and has in 

 the main succeeded. In buying from the Hissar Cattle Farm the 

 District Boards now get a bull of the Hariana type, hardy and 

 almost entirely free from the defects to which the zamindars take 

 exception. Apart from the difficulties connected with their keep 

 and maintenance there can be no doubt that the Hissar bulls are 

 extremely popular both in Hariana itself and in other central and 

 southern districts for whicn they are suited. The best animals 

 in the fairs are generally found to possess a very considerable 

 strain of the Hissar Cattle Farm bull. The District Boards of 

 the districts north of the Chenab have of late years distributed 

 Dhanni bulls, and the western districts bulls bred in Dajal. These 

 animals are bought locally, usually with the advice of the Civil 

 Veterinary Department, 



Maintenance of District Board Butts. The Agricultural 

 Department have refrained from advising the District Boards as 

 to the maintenance of their bulls, as the policy adopted must 

 necessarily vary with the conditions prevailing in each district. 



In all districts, except in the north-western and western 

 districts of the Province the bull, after having been stall-fed for 

 a week or two to induce him to remain in the village, is allowed 

 to roam with the herds. No special arrangements are made for 

 his keep but the zaildar and the lambardar of the village are 

 generally responsible that he remains healthy and does not stray 

 too far. Complaints are not infrequent that zaildars and lambar- 

 dars dislike the responsibility of looking after the animal and that 

 the zamindars grudge the damage to their crops. In parts of the 

 Jhelum, Rawalpindi and in Montgomery and the western districts 

 the bull is kept* in the village and the cows brought to him. Some 

 Boards, notably those of the Rawalpindi and Dera Ghazi Khan 

 Districts have even paid the zaildar or other person entrusted 

 with the bull for his fodder and keep. Liberality could go no 

 further. Under this system there is the risk, if the money is pro- 

 perly expended of the bull being overfed and too little exercised. 

 On the other hand the person in charge may take it upon himself 

 to levy fees or may possibly divert the allowance to his own uses. 

 In Dera Ghazi Khan the bull entrusted to a zaildar is often neg- 

 lected. The difference between the breeding arrangements of the 

 central and southern districts, and those of the northern and 

 western seems to have been overlooked. Where bulls are privately 



