58 



Lyallpur and other colony towns, and trying to get them to rear 

 female calves at any rate. At present the Gujars neglect the young 

 stock of their valuable cows and do not allow even the female 

 calves to have much milk. The example of the Deputy 

 Commissioner of Lyallpur might be followed in Amritsar, Lahore 

 and other large towns where the Gujars who provide the milk 

 | supply are draining the Montgomery breed of its best cows, with- 

 out attempting to replace them. A certain amount of assistance in 

 this direction might be afforded by such institutions as the Lahore 

 Central Jail which are obliged to keep up large herds of cows. At 

 present these herds are of a nondescript character, but with a little 

 care it should not be difficult to preserve a herd of the pure 

 Montgomery strain. The Aitchison College authorities who main- 

 tain a small herd are making efforts in this direction. 



(v). Buffalo-breeding. 



The breeding of buffaloes has not hitherto received much 

 attention from the District Boards or the Civil Veterinary 

 Department, nor have Deputy Commissioners made any sug- 

 gestions on this head in their present reports. Buffalo bulls are 

 kept by individuals who charge fixed fees for service. This is 

 the system which it is desirable to introduce in the case of cattle- 

 breeding, and therefore any attempts on the part of District 

 Boards to provide buffalo bulls should be deprecated. The Deputy 

 Commissioner notes that the District Board of Gujrat had some 

 such scheme under contemplation and it is satisfactory to see that 

 he is reconsidering the proposal. At the same time the attention of 

 the Civil Veterinary department can be directed towards observing 

 the quality of buffalo sires working in districts, and to indicating 

 improvements where such suggest themselves. 



(ui). Assistance /row large landowners. 



The Punjab being essentially a province of self-cultivating 

 proprietors, the number of wealthy landlords owning large estates 

 is comparatively limited. But the Maliks of the north- western 

 districts, the Biluch chiefs, the wealthy zamindars of Montgomery, 

 the Sirdars of Ludhiana, Ambala and Karnal, and the Nawabs of 

 the Karnal District are all interested in cattle-breeding and 

 maintain large herds and extensive grazing grounds which yield 

 them considerable profit. Their cattle, however, are generally 

 somewhat heterogeneous. If these gentlemen can be induced to 

 transform what are at present mere collections of cattle into 

 herds of definite types bred on scientific principles, it would 

 undoubtedly be a most profitable undertaking both for themselves 

 and the province at large. Most of these landowners are 

 themselves expert cattle masters and it should not be difficult to 



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