65 



This animal thrives and breeds for the cow in tracts where grazing 

 is scarce and stall feeding has to be resorted to. The dairying 

 profits of a buffalo are much greater than those of a cow (XI ii 

 and XVI). 



Buffalo breeding appears to be proceeding on sound lines, 

 but may receive attention from District Boards, and the Civil 

 Veterinary Department (IX and XXIV) 



(Hi). Dairying. 



The development of dairies for the supply of civil stations 

 conducted on the same lines as Military Dairy Farms may be left 

 to private enterprise. There is, however, evidently room for a 

 Government dairy farm in Lahore to supply the Railway Colony, or 

 provide for the wants of the hospitals and jails. 



The milk supply to the Indian population of towns and cities 

 is highly unsatisfactory. The conditions under which milch animals 

 are housed and fed both inside and outside the cities are most in- 

 sanitary. Efforts should be made to remove the cow-keepers from 

 cities. These efforts must, of course, be very gradual so as not to 

 arouse opposition. Owing to the difficulty of transport from a dis- 

 tance the tnilk supply must be drawn from a radius of not more 

 than 10 miles. Within these limits the production of milk under 

 sanitary conditions can be managed by remissions of octroi and _ 

 such like concessions to dairymen whose premises are considered 

 sanitary. 



The conditions under which milk is hawked about the streets 

 and sold in shops is also unsatisfactory. Model shops should be 

 encouraged by guaranteeing all the custom which Government 

 can give them in order to start the undertaking (XXI vii). 



Some assistance may be expected from co-operative effort ^ 

 (XVI and XXI viii). 



The manufacture of ghi is an established Lome industry which 

 it would be inadvisable to disturb by any further organization. 

 The profits of the ghi trade are very considerable. Co-operative 

 action may be recommended in order to ensure the zamindars - 

 receiving their due share of the profits from their produce (XV 

 ii and XXI vii and viii)* 



(iv). The cattle trade. 



The cattle trade is fully developed ; and in need of no as- 

 sistance from Government. The demand of the export trade in 

 hides clears off large numbers of useless and worn out cattle and - 

 the zamindar is beginning to take a share of these profits. If 

 however the zamindar kept more of his young stock he would be 

 less dependent on import, but with diminishing grazing this de- - 

 velopment is not likely to take place (XIV, XVII, XVIII). 



