In easing cart (or any other) collars, holes should by 

 no means be cut into them, but the lining opened at the side 

 piece, turned back, and thus hollowed, as marked, where 

 the wound lies and made to miss the tender parts, faced 

 with clean wool, and quilted down particularly in a cart 

 collar or saddle; but if leather lined, as in stage or harness 

 collars, the part, after easing out, simply requires a wet 

 sponge rubbed over the leather and slightly malleted, and 

 it will then lie in the form desired. The saddle tree should 

 be made sufficiently wide to allow the pad to fit (and not 

 stand up or pinch) the back. There is no real necessity 

 for the housings and savors to be large or heavily lined, 

 and if ornaments or plates are desired, the smaller they 

 are the more neat and tasteful they will appear, besides 

 being lighter for the horse to carry. 



Double girths are at all times necessary, and should 

 not be supplied less than i-J-inches wide for an average 

 sized horse. 



It is important that the belly-band should be the same 

 strength as the breech-band, and that all the ironwork 

 throughout the set be perfectly sound, well made, and 

 of best material. 



The foregoing rule as to substance and workmanship 

 applies particularly to cart, farm, pit, and boat gears, the 

 making or repairing of which should not be done "slop," 

 or in a careless and common way, for the sake of price or 

 other ulterior motives, but in the best and most efficient 

 manner possible ; as this class of harness is constantly 

 exposed to the roughest possible wear and tear in all 

 weathers and almost all atmospheres, and is generally 

 worn by strong and well corned animals. 



If it is the farmer's rule to have the gears repaired 

 upon his premises, about once a year, none but good, 



