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purpose of missing the bridges when passing under them, 

 and covering the horse's chine ; the hames should be 

 shorter in the top than the ordinary cart hames for the 

 same reason, as regards the roofing. 



The boat bridle is not required to be heavy, in fact, 

 the lighter the better, and with a narrow noseband. 

 Boatmen as a rule take great pains with the horses 

 entrusted to their care ; the writer has frequently heard 

 boatmen speak of the horse as their most constant and 

 only companion, which is easily accounted for when the 

 fact of their long and solitary journeys together are con- 

 sidered. On questioning a driver, who was jocularly 

 shouting to his horse, upon one occasion, as to why he 

 had forgotten his whip, the answer was " My hoss wants 

 no whip, I carries my pipe instead, and keeps the whip 

 in the manger." 



Nose-tins and nose-bags should be made with judg- 

 ment, and as light as possible consistent with their use ; 

 the bottom of the bag should be solid leather, and the 

 sides (or top) porous, for ventilation. 



The Liverpool heavy harness is, as a whole, far 

 above the average in make and quality, and the care 

 bestowed on it to keep it and the horse clean and in good 

 condition is extremely creditable to the draymen, which 

 system must be a source of great satisfaction to the horse 

 owners, who are very proud of, and are known to pay 

 long prices for their steeds. 



The general system adopted by the Midland Railway 

 Company in permanently dispensing with winkers to the 

 bridles throughout the whole system, is a very humane 

 act, and truly laudable, being less weight for the horse to 

 carry, and gives him every opportunity of seeing his 



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