THE MOON. 75 



Lunar photography was introduced as long 

 ago as 1858 by Lewis Morris Rutherfurd (1816- 

 1892), the well-known American astronomer ; but 

 for years very little was done in this matter, 

 although Rutherfurd secured fairly good photo- 

 graphs. Rutherfurd, De la Rue, and the older 

 astronomical photographers took photographs of 

 the entire Moon, but this plan was abandoned 

 in favour of what Miss Clerke calls " bit by bit 

 photography." About 1890 this method was 

 introduced, and has been followed with success 

 by Maurice Loewy (born 1833), and his assistant, 

 Pusiex, at the Paris Observatory ; by Ladislas 

 Weinek at Prague ; by the astronomers of the 

 Lick Observatory; and by William Henry Picker- 

 ing (born 1858), the distinguished astronomer of 

 Harvard, whose discoveries and investigations 

 have created quite a new interest in lunar 

 astronomy. These investigations were com- 

 menced in 1891 at Arequipa, on the slope of 

 the Andes, in Peru. An occultation of Jupiter, 

 witnessed by W. H. Pickering on October 12, 

 1892, gave support to the view that a very 

 tenuous lunar atmosphere does exist. In 1900 

 he established, near Mandeville, Jamaica, a tem- 

 porary astronomical station, where he obtained 

 many excellent photographs. Totally he secured 

 eighty plates. These appeared, as the first com- 



