xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIG. PAGE 



109. Indigo Plant : Stages of Growth facing 320 



110. Indigo: Cutting the Plant 321 



111. Indigo : Ox-carts bringing Plant to Vats . . . . 321 



112. Indigo: Beating the Vat , 322 



113. Indigo: Beating Vat with Wooden Wheel , 322 



114. Indigo: Boilers and Filtering Table , 323 



115. Indigo : Drying House ........ 323 



116. Distilling and Condensing Apparatus .... on 345 



117. Continuous Extraction Apparatus ...... 346 



118. Modern Stills at Schimniel's Works, Miltitz, near Leipzig . facing 346 



119. Distillation of Otto of Roses in Bulgaria 347 



120. Apparatus for treating flowers by enfleurage process . on 347 



121. Gathering violets under shade of olive trees. Grasse . . facing 348 



122. Preparing flower pomade by hot maceration, Bruno Court, 



Grasse ............ 348 



123. Modern Factory of Jeancard Fils and Company, La Bocca, 



near Cannes .......... 349 



124. Hauling peppermint to distillery in Michigan (U.S.A.) . . 350 



125. Interior of Ion one Distillation Factory at Argenteuil, near 



Paris ,,351 



126. Lavender Fields in Victoria, Australia 351 



127. Tapping Hevea in Java . . . . . . 364 



128. Young Rubber Trees, Straits Settlements . . . 365 



129. Rubber and Tea, Ceylon ,,365 



130. Various systems of tapping ...... on 367 



131. Mounded House, Cotton Powder Works .... facing 380 



132. Buildings and Pipe Connections, Cotton Powder Works . ,, 380 



133. Drying Machine, Waltham Abbey 381 



134. Abel Nitration Process, Dipping Pans, Waltham Abbey . 381 



135. Abel Nitration Process, Waltham Abbey . . . 382 



136. Beating Engines and Poacher, Waltham Abbey . 382 



137. Moulding Machine, Waltham Abbey ,. 383 



138. Displacement Process, Waltham Abbey . . . 383 



139. Nitrator-Separators . . . '. . . . 384 



140. Cordite Mixing Machine . . 384 



141. Cordite Press , 385 



142. Martin Hale's Grenade .... . 385 



143. Martin Hale's Bomb ,385 



144. Pipes carrying water to the Rjukan Power Station . . , 400 



145. Nitrolime Furnaces at Odda, Norway, North- Western Cyana- 



mide Company, Ltd. . . . . . . ,, 401 



146. Birkeland and Eyde Arc Flame 406 



147. Pqwer Station at Svaelgfos, supplying Notodden Furnaces . ,, 407 



148. Notodden Furnace House (one half) ... . 407 



149. New Absorption Towers at Notodden . 



150. Experimental Furnaces at Christiansand . . 400 



