LABORATORIES FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES 69 



Some of this offal tobacco is employed in the manufacture of 

 sheep dips, fumigating powders, and nicotine for agricultural 

 and horticultural purposes. 



The articles examined under this head included " joggery " 

 a mixture of tobacco and opium with sugar and molasses used 

 by Asiatics. 



The samples examined for assessment of duty on sugar on 

 importation include, besides sugar, articles made with sugar 

 and also those containing glucose, molasses, saccharin, and 

 other sweetening agents. Glucose is largely used for brewing 

 purposes and in confectionery ; molasses in the preparation of 

 foods for cattle and in the manufacture of spirit ; and saccharin 

 in the manufacture of mineral waters and as a substitute for 

 sugar in foods intended for diabetic subjects. 



The number and variety of the preparations containing sugar 

 are so great that it has been necessary to adopt fixed rates of 

 duty in the case of those which are imported frequently or in 

 large quantities. The articles so dealt with comprise biscuits, 

 cakes, catsup, chutney, confectionery, condensed milk, crystallised 

 fruit, desiccated cocoanut, drugs, fruit pulp, infants' and invalids' 

 foods, lozenges, invert sugar, jam, milk powder, pickles, and soy. 

 There are, however, many articles for which it has not been 

 found practicable to fix a special rate of duty, and which have 

 therefore to be tested on each importation and assessed with 

 duty according to the percentage of the dutiable ingredients 

 present. Amongst these may be mentioned egg yolk, gelatine, 

 glue, honey, manna, meat extracts, parchment paper, printers' 

 roller composition, and tanning extracts. 



Owing to the heavy duty on saccharin, which has approxi- 

 mately five hundred times the sweetening power of sugar, with 

 a rate of duty in proportion, the inducement to smuggle this 

 article into the country is very great, and numerous ingenious 

 methods devised for this purpose have been detected by the 

 Customs Department. The presence of saccharin has, therefore, 

 to be searched for in all preparations in which there is any 

 probability of its occurrence. Saccharin was discovered in 83 

 samples specially examined with this object in the year 1911-12. 



In order to ensure that only genuine tea shall pass into the 

 country all consignments are examined at the ports by tea 

 inspectors appointed by the Commissioners of Customs and 

 Excise under the provisions of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 



