COAL-TAR 



303 



attention which it deserves, at any rate so far as this country 

 is concerned. At the same time figures tend to show that the 

 question has not altogether escaped the notice of manufacturers, 

 and the total abolition of wasteful methods will be accomplished, 

 it may be hoped, within a few years. 



In an address to the Society of Chemical Industry in 1900, Dr. 

 Beilby supplied the following figures, pointing out that if, at 

 that time, beehive ovens had been entirely replaced by recovery 

 ovens in the manufacture of blast-furnace coke the yield of tar, 

 ammonia, and gas from this source would have been increased 

 more than tenfold, since the proportion of beehives to recovery 

 ovens was about 10 to 1. 



Products of Distillation of Coal in United Kingdom, 1899. 



A more recent estimate has been given by Professor Bone in 

 his address to the Chemical Section of the British Association at 

 Manchester in September, 1915. From the following passage in 

 this address we learn that the beehives form only about 30 per 

 cent of the coke ovens in the United Kingdom at the present 

 time. 



" Of the 189 million tons of coal consumed in the United 

 Kingdom in the year 1913, about 40 million tons, or (say) ap- 

 proximately one-fifth of the whole, were carbonised either in 

 gas works, primarily for the manufacture of towns' gas, or in coke 

 ovens for the manufacture of metallurgical coke in practically 

 equal proportions. Two-thirds of the latter was carbonised in 

 by-product recovery plants ; the remainder in the old wasteful 

 beehive ovens. So that, roughly speaking, we have 



Total Coal Carbonised = 40 Million Tons. 



In Gas Works. 

 20 



In By- Product 



Coke Ovens. 



13-5 



In Beehive 



Coke Oveus. 



6-5 



