76 AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



ordinaire, a light colored, light bodied claret. Wines made from grapes 

 in the Livermore district with age invariably develop Sauterne flavors, 

 whilst the same varieties in the Napa and Sonoma districts partake of the 

 Riesling character. Again, in the San Joachin and Sacramento valleys 

 fine sweet wines and brandies are produced, whereas the dry wines in these 

 valleys of the same varieties, as grown in the dry wine districts are always 

 inferior. 



Another instance, when the Phylloxera devastated the vineyards of 

 Napa and Sonoma valleys in California, three kinds of resistant varieties 

 were largely planted, namely, the Riparia, Rupestris and Lenoir. Now 

 only a few of the Riparia plantings remain, and these are all of them good 

 lasting vineyards within a radius of 12 miles from the Bay, where they are 

 affected by fogs, etc. Farther inland they have succumbed on account of 

 the spreading root system close to the surface. The Lenoir where the 

 soil was deep so the roots could go down, have done well, whereas the 

 Rupestris have done fairly well. 



Last spring while out in California, I found at Livermore up to then 

 the wild Riparia from Nebraska which had been largely used as a stock, 

 had done well and many fine vineyards were to be seen grafted on it. This 

 year has been an exceptionally dry and hot one, and this fall when I again 

 visited that section, I did not meet with a single vineyardist who did not 

 have a tale of woe to tell me regarding it. On the other hand, the vine- 

 yards on Rupestris St. George were doing quite well. At the Government 

 experimental vineyard at Earleton, Florida, quite a number of Vinifera 

 varieties were tried on resistant stock, and these resistants were either 

 Riparia or Rupestris or crosses of the two. The first season that these 

 were under my observation was a wet one, and the Riparia came out a lit- 

 tle ahead. The next season was a dry one, and not only did the straight 

 Riparias all go, but the crosses showed weaknesses accordingly, whereas 

 the straight Rupestris stood it quite well. 



The Scuppernong or Rotundifolia, regarding which the Department of 

 Agriculture is starting investigations, does not to my knowledge extend far- 

 ther North than Maryland. It flourishes along the coast and gradually dis- 

 appears from the coast inland. 



At Lewiston, Idaho, on a trip taken two years ago, I found quite good 

 results had been obtained in growing Viniferas along the Snake River, 

 most notably as to the Chasselas varieties (which I would say seem to have 

 the happy faculty of adjusting themselves to quite a variety of conditions). 

 A wine shown me by Mr. Robert Schleicher at Lewiston, Idaho, made from 

 Viniferas grown there, would compare favorably with California product. 



Would also state, in several parts of Oregon there is quite a tendency 

 developing towards growing American varieties of grapes. In connection 

 with this, it is interesting to note that European and American varieties are 



