55 



OiiL of 18 sproiiis sliowiii^ I wo lesions, 1:5 had ilic voiiiiger 

 lesion jil)o\e and ."» ilie older, whieli nii,i;lil indicale llie |n-ol)iil>le 

 woi'k of insects in can-yini; infeelion. 



Sprouts were orij^inailv inlcctetl at the base in niorc' iliau foiir- 

 (iftlis of the cases. Forty per cent, of the ohlest lesions on 

 s[)roiits showed twij^s as a centre of infection; eighteen x>er cent, 

 showed cracks, fourteen per cent. wonn<ls; thii-teen \n'V cent, 

 beetle boles, eleven per cent, crotches, and Tour [»er cent, were in- 

 determinate. 



]More infections ^^■ere found in niedium dense ,ii,rowl]i than in 

 (h'usi! growth, and very few in rather open growth. Of all in- 

 fections recorded, 47. o jx-r cent, wei-e within twenty feet of old 

 logging roads, 7.4 per cent, from iMi |o .■')l) feet away, and 4.").*> 

 per cent, at greater distance. Many more infections were found 

 wliere soil conditions were moderatidy moist than wliere they 

 were dry. Of \T){) original sprout infections, 02, or 41 per cent, 

 bad a nortli to northeast exposure; 20 or 13 per cent, a soutb to 

 soutbwest exposure; and the remainder were about equally 

 divided between the other two quadrants of the compass. This 

 might suggest moisture again as an imi»ortant factor. 



There were 28 cases of })yenidia (tbserved developing (ui wood. 

 Only eight trees larger than seven inches in diameter showed in- 

 fection. One of these liad a lesion apparently two years old; and 

 half had the oldest lesion less than one year old. All of the tree 

 infection was in the bark (»f the truid<, none in the tops. Half 

 had development of watersprouts in conueciion with the lesions. 

 Lesions in the bark of stumps showed fissures at their centres 

 in almost all cases, and in the oldest ones the pustules were 

 usually dark and in the ascus stage. 



In connection ^^ith lesions on s]»routs, trees, and stumps, tliere 

 were; abundant evidences of animal association, i)riucipally 

 beetle and other large insect larvae, tunnels and holes; but also 

 woodpecker holes and claw nuirks, and ant nests and trails. 

 Most of the aut nests were in <dd dri(Ml stump stubs, b'ully uiue- 

 teutlis of all old lesions showed beetle larvae in or near tliem. 

 These were mainly a species of Leptnra. Of the youngest lesions, 

 about two-fifths showed larvae in oi' near them; and in all cases 



