v.liicli ilic disease iiiav l>e widely scatteied. Niirst'iy stoek sliijijied ill 

 I'eniis^lvaiiia, imist in aceitidaiict; willi law. Ite previously cxainiiKKl 

 ;!ii(l faj;j;ed liy a diil\ a|i| ninied a^ciil id' llie ('liesliiiil 'Tree I)li;;lil 

 ( '(tiiiinissioii. 



'1 lie disease iiiav lie loraied and lecoj^iiized liy sioiiie, or (xeasiniially 

 all, of lln^ folhtwiiiji cliaiaclci-islics: 



1. I)((i<l IndiK h< s. iixiiiiUji irillt triUuitd hactn rlintjiiHj In th'iii. 

 In ilie spriii;;. priur it» death, the leaves on the infected branches 

 leniaiu small and sickly looking, and gradually take on a yellowish 

 linge. When these leaves finally die, they have a peculiar wilted 

 appearance. The burrs also remain small and undeveloped. On the 

 brancln's attacked after the leaves have fully developed, the leaves as- 

 sume (heir yellowish or reddish-brown fall colors. On trees killed 

 by l>light during the growing season, jniijr to September, both leaves 

 and bulls usually remain clinging to the branches during the follow- 

 ing winter, aiul at this time of the year are of great value in helping 

 to locale infected trees. The wilted and dying, or dead leaves, are 

 frequi'utly the first intimation that the disease is [iresent, and every 

 own- r of chestnut timber should carefull^^ investigate the cause of 

 dead blanches in otherwise healthy trees, since these are the "danger 

 signals" of this disease. Hi anches may occasionally be killcxl by 

 worms of several kinds w liieli burrow beneath the bark and girdle the 

 tree or branch, or they may be killed b}' some physical injury. 



2. ('(inkers >.n <lisc(if<id blanches or on the trunk of smooth barked 

 1 1 CCS. These cankers are areas of dead, discolored and sunken bark, 

 often more or less broken by cracks or checks into the inner bark. 

 Old, thick bark does not change in outward appearance until a year 

 or more after it is diseased, when it begins to peel from the tree in 

 shreds. Prior to shredding, thick bark which is diseased gives forth 

 a peculiar hollow sound when struck. This is because of a space be- 

 tween the wood and bark caused by the decay of the inner bark. All 

 hollow sounding bark is not necessarily diseased, however. 



:>. f^rnall wart-like eruptions, (pustules), which appear on cankers. 

 These pustules are of a bright sulphur, satfron. or orange.-yellow which 

 darken with age and at maturity are a dark brown. On (dd or fur- 

 rowed baik the pustules form entirely in the crevices of the bark. 

 and if numeritus. appear as orange or yellow lines. Sometimes, es- 

 IKM-ially in damp weather in summer, the yellow threads which exude 

 from th(^ pustules can bo seen. 



4. The nti/celiuni of the fungus which occur^s in small, inrj/iilnr 

 fanshaped areas of a yellowish or bujf color within the bark. As fur- 

 ther proof that a trt'e is diseased, shave off the surface of th? sus- 

 picious looking bark, or cut slant-wise into it. If the cut shows the 

 mottled color and characteristic whitish irregular fans of the fungous 

 riyceliuiii. the disease is ]»resent. 



