TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS, 1845-47. 



point a professor of agriculture, horticulture, and rural economy, and tho 

 said professor may hire, from time to time, so many gardeners, practical ag- 

 riculturists, and laborers as may be necessary to cultivate the ground and 

 keep in repair the buildings of said institution; and he shall make experi- 

 ments to determine the utility and advantage of new modes and instru- 

 ments of culture, to determine whether new fruits, plants, and vegetables 

 may be cultivated to advantage in the United States ; and all such fruits r 

 plants, seeds, and vegetables as shall be found useful, and adapted to any of 

 our soils and climates, shall be distributed among the people of the Union ,* 

 and the said officers shall receive for their services such sum as may be al- 

 lowed by the board of managers, to be paid semi- annually on the first day 

 of January and July ; and the said officers, and all other officers of the in- 

 stitution, shall be removable by the board of managers whenever, in their 

 judgment, the interests of the institution require any of the said officers to 

 be changed. 



SEC. 7. And whereas the most effectual mode of promoting the general 

 diffusion of knowledge is by judiciously conducted common schools, to the 

 establishment of which throughout the Union much aid will be afforded by 

 improving and perfecting the common school system of the country, and by 

 elevating the standard of qualification for common school teachers : And 

 whereas knowledge may be essentially increased among men by instituting 

 scientific researches, and, generally, by spreading among the people a taste 

 for science and the arts 



Be it further enacted, That the board of managers shall establish a nor- 

 mal branch of the institution, by appointing some suitable person as profes- 

 sor of common school instruction, with such other professors, chiefly of the 

 more useful sciences and arts, as may be necessary for such a thorough, sci- 

 entific, and liberal course of instruction as may be adapted to qualify young 

 persons as teachers of common schools, and to give to others a knowledge 

 of an improved common school system ; and also, when desired, to qualify 

 students as teachers or professors of the more important branches of natural 

 science. And the board of managers may authorize the professors of the 

 institution to grant to such of its students as may desire it, after suitable 

 examination, certificates of qualification as common school teachers, and also 

 as teachers or professors in various branches of science ; they may also em- 

 ploy able men to lecture upon useful subjects, and shall fix the compensa- 

 tion of such lecturers and professors : Provided, however, That there shall not 

 be established, in connection with the institution, any school of law, or med- 

 icine, or divinity, nor any professorship of ancient languages. And the said 

 managers shall make, from the interest of said fund, an appropriation, not 

 exceeding five thousand dollars annually, for the gradual formation of a 

 library, composed chiefly of the best works on the physical sciences, and 

 the application of science to the arts of life, but without excluding valua- 

 ble and standard works pertaining to other departments of human knowl- 

 edge. 



SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That the said board of managers shall 

 make all needful rules, regulations, and by-laws, for the government of tho 

 institution and the persons employed therein ; and, in prescribing the duties 

 of the professors and lecturers, they shall have reference to" the intro- 

 duction and illustration of subjects connected with the application of science 

 to tho productive and liberal arts of life, improvements in agriculture, in 

 manufactures, in trades, and in domestic economy; and they shall also 

 have special reference to the increase and extension of scientific knowledge 

 generally, by experiment and research. And the managers may, at their 

 discretion, cause to be printed, from time to time, any lecture or" course of 

 lectures which they may deem useful. And it shall be the duty of each 

 lecturer, while in the service of the institution, to submit a copy of any 

 lecture or lectures delivered by him, to the managers, if required and called 

 upon, for tho purpose of being printed; and such lectures, when printed, 



