342 PRE-DETERMINATION IN NATURE 



force just as much as in natural laws ; and that while God has 

 made everything beautiful in its time He has also made every- 

 thing beautiful and useful in some sense for all time. With all 

 this, while the great principles and modes of operation remain 

 unchanged, there is ample scope for development, modification 

 and adaptation to new ends, without deviation from essential 

 properties and characters. It is a wise and thoughtful philosophy 

 which can distinguish what is fixed and unchangeable from that 

 which is fluctuating and capable of development. Until this 

 distinction is fully understood, we may expect one-sided views 

 and faulty generalizations in our attempts to understand 

 nature. 



REFERENCES : "The Chain of Life in Geological Times." London. New 

 Species of Fossil Sponges from the Quebec Group at Little Metis. 

 Trans. Royal Society of Canada, 1889. Fossil Fishes from the Lower 

 Carboniferous of New Brunswick. Canadian Naturalist, "Acadian 

 Geology," 1855, and later editions to 1892. London and Montreal. 

 *'The Story of the Earth," 1872. and later editions to 1891. London. 



