47O EARLY MAN 



greatly reduced it, and at the close of this age some new forms 

 came in. For this reason the division between the Pleistocene 

 and Anthropic ages should be made at the beginning of the 

 Post-glacial age. The natural division would thus be : 



I. PLEISTOCENE, including 



(a) Early Pleistocene, or first continental period. Land 

 very extensive, moderate climate. This passes into the pre- 

 ceding Pliocene. 



(b) Later Pleistocene, or glacial, including Dawkins' " Mid 

 Pleistocene." In this there was a great prevalence of cold and 

 glacial conditions, and a great submergence of the northern 

 land. 



II. ANTHROPIC, or period of man and modern mammals, 

 including 



(a) Palanthropic, Post-glacial, or second continental period, 

 in which the land was again very extensive, and Paleocosmic 

 man was contemporary with some great mammals, as the 

 mammoth, now extinct, and the area of land in the northern 

 hemisphere was greater than at present. This includes a later 

 cold period, not equal in intensity to that of the Glacial period 

 proper, and was terminated by a great and very general subsi- 

 dence, accompanied by the disappearance of Paleocosmic man 

 and some large mammalia, and which may be identical with 

 the historical deluge. 



(b) Neanthropic or Recent, when the continents attained their 

 present levels, existing races of men colonized Europe, and 

 living species of mammals. This includes both the Pre- 

 historic and Historic periods. 



On geological grounds the above should clearly be our 

 arrangement, though of course there need be no objection to 

 such other subdivisions as historians and antiquarians may find 

 desirable for their purposes. On this classification the earliest 

 certain indications of the presence of man in Europe, Asia, or 

 America, so far as yet known, belong to the Modern or Anthropic 



