VIII. SEX DIFFERENCES 



(a) DIFFERENCES IN TIME AND ERROR RECORDS 



IN Table IX. the males and females are grouped separately, and 

 their average times and errors are given for the various tasks that 

 were used. The preliminary report of this investigation showed that 

 there were small sex differences for performance in the initial learn- 

 ing period in the maze test, and the differences that did exist were 



TABLE IX 



AVERAGES FOR SEX DIFFERENCES AND SEX VARIABILITY 



well within the limits of the probable error. With a larger number 

 of animals, 93 males and 90 females, it was found that in the initial 

 learning period in the maze test, the males did considerably better 

 than the females. The males made an average time per trial of 

 43.80 P.E. 2.9 seconds, and 1.2 error per trial, while the females 

 made a corresponding record of 64.77 P.E. 4.7 seconds and 1.7 

 error per trial. As previously stated, there were 71 animals that 

 were tested in the interference, retention and multiple choice tasks, 

 and of these 34 were males and 37 females. As indicated in the table 

 for sex differences, in all three of the above mentioned tests the 

 females took, on the average, twice as many seconds to learn the tests 

 and made considerably more errors per trial than did the males. In 

 the interference test of ten trials the males made an average time of 

 37.76 P.E. 4.3 seconds and 1.6 error per trial, while in the same 

 task the females took 80.96 P.E. 8.0 seconds and 2.8 error per trial. 

 The retention test records gave a similar result; the males making an 

 average of 27.59 P.E. 3.2 seconds per trial and 1.4 error per trial, 

 and again the females took more than twice as long to perform the 



29 





