OF THE FARM AND GARDEN. 239 



leaves of the vine, in a manner essentially characteristic. 

 After covering a given spot with silk, the worm cuts out 

 a clean oval flap, leaving it hinged on one side, and, 

 rolling this flap over, fastens it to the leaf, and thus 

 forms for itself a cozy little house. One of these cocoons 

 is represented at figure 146, b, and though the cut is some- 

 times less regular than shown in the figure, it is undoubt- 

 edly the normal habit of the insect to make just such a 

 cocoon as represented. Sometimes, however, it cuts two 

 crescent-shaped slits, and, rolling up the two pieces, fast- 

 ens them up in the middle as shown at figure 147. And 

 frequently it rolls over a piece of the edge of the leaf, in 

 the manner commonly adopted by leaf -rolling larvae, 



Fig. 145. GRAPE BERRY-MOTH (Pcnthiria vitivorana, Packard.) 

 a. Moth ; ft, Larva ; c, Punctured Berry ; d, Shrunken Berry. 



while we have had them spin up in a silk handkerchief, 

 where they made no cut at all. 



In two days after completing the cocoon, the worm 

 changes to a chrysalis. In this state (fig. 146, a), it meas- 

 ures about one-fifth of an inch, and is quite variable in 

 color, being generally of a honey-yellow, with a green 

 shade on the abdomen. In about ten days after this 

 last change takes place, the chrysalis works itself almost 

 entirely out of the cocoon, and the little moth repre- 

 sented at figure 145, a, makes its escape. 



