. When birds come to suffer by severe frost, I find 



mflS that the first that fail and die are the red-wing field- 



fares [or redwings] and then the song-thrushes. . . . 

 It is no wonder at all that the redwings retreat from Scandi- 

 navian winters. . . . 



In severe weather fieldfares, redwings, skylarks, and titlarks 

 resort to watered meadows for food ; the latter wades up to its 

 belly in pursuit of the pupae of insects, and runs along upon the 

 floating grass and weeds. Many gnats are on the snow near the 

 water ; these support the birds in parts. G. W. 



