NOG'S ENTAMCEBA 4! 



kittens are inoculated rectally with small trophozoites of the pre-cyst 

 generation, the transmission cannot be carried through more than one 

 or two kittens. Wenyon has succeeded in maintaining E. tetragena in 

 kittens for several generations. 



In some of the preparations from the last remove, pathological 

 forms of the trophozoites may -be seen. These show abnormal forms 

 of budding, especially peripherally, such as have been described by 

 Schaudinn and by Craig as characteristic of E. histolytica. Schaudinn's 

 small peripheral, exogenous buds and cysts are thus explained. Craig 

 has latterly changed his views. 



Further, Darling states that tetragena cysts fed by the mouth to 

 kittens produce bowel lesions in which trophozoites having the char- 

 acters of E. tetragena, E. histolytica and E. nipponica (Koidzumi) occur. 



In view of the work of recent observers, the peculiar exogenous 

 encystment which Schaudinn made characteristic of Entamoeba 

 histolytica has been shown to be due to degenerative changes in senile 

 races of the amceba. E. histolytica and E. tetragena are one and the 

 same species, and its trophozoite is subject to variation. According 

 to some observers the histolytica type of nucleus described by 

 Schaudinn as being poor in chromatin and not easily seen in the 

 fresh state occurs frequently in patients with severe symptoms of 

 dysentery ; on the other hand, the tetragena type of nucleus round 

 and easily seen in the fresh state may occur in cases presenting slight 

 dysenteric symptoms. Intermediate types of nuclei are seen. The 

 name of this species, the principal pathogenic amceba of man, must 

 then be E. histolytica by priority. The cystic stages of E. histolytica are 

 those first recorded by Viereck and formerly described as E. tetragena. 

 The geographical distribution of E. histolytica is wide. 



Noc's Entamoeba (1909). 



A species of Entamoeba was cultivated by Noc 1 in 1909 from cysts 

 derived from liver abscesses, from dysenteric stools and from the 

 water supply of Saigon, Cochin China. He cultivated it in associa- 

 tion with bacteria. It is pathogenic. It has been considered allied 

 to E. histolytica, and shows internal segmentation or schizogony. It 

 exhibits polymorphism. This amceba has been found by Greig and 

 Wells (1911) in cases of dysentery in India. It is an important 

 organism and requires further investigation. 



Certain other Entamcebae 2 have been described at various times from 

 the intestinal tract of man. Probably most, if not all, of these are not 

 good species and in some cases much more information is needed. 



Entamaba tropicalis (Lesage, 1908). This parasite is said to be 



1 Noc, F. (1909), Ann. Inst. Pasteur ', xxiii. p. 177. 



- See Fantham, H. B. (1911), Annals Trap. Med. and Parasitol., v, p. in. 



