AMCEBA UROGENITALIS 45 



Paramoeba hominis. 



belonged to this genus was for a time uncertain. It is now placed in a new genus 

 Craigia, Calkins, 1912, since it possesses only one flagellum. 1 



In the amoebic stage it is 15 /j. to 25 /j. in diameter ; ecto- and endo-plasm during 

 rest are indistinguishable. The body substance is granular, with a spherical, sharply 

 contoured nucleus and an accessory nuclear body. No vacuoles are present, but 

 occasionally the endoplasm contains red blood corpuscles. The pseudopodia are 

 hyaline, finger- or lobe-shaped, and are protruded either singly or in twos. 

 Multiplication is by binary fission and by the formation of spherical cysts (i5/*to 

 20 fj. in diameter) in which occurs successive division of the nuclei, ultimately forming 

 ten to twelve roundish bodies each of which soon develops a flagellum. The flagellate 

 stages have similarly a spherical shape and attain a diameter of 10 /j. to 15 /*. 

 They also occasionally contain red blood corpuscles and pass either directly or after 

 longitudinal division into the amoeboid phase. 



Craig found these Amoebae and the flagellate stage belonging to them in six 

 patients in the military hospital at Manila (Philippine Islands), five of whom were 

 suffering from simple diarrhoea whilst the sixth exhibited an amoebic enteritis and 

 contained also Paramceba hominis, with Entamceba histolytica, Schaudinn. In one 

 of the other cases, Trichomonas intestinalis was present. 



B. Amoebae from other Organs. 

 Entamceba pulmonalis, Artault, 1898. 



Arlault 2 discovered a few amoeboid forms with nucleus and 

 vacuole in the contents of a lung cavity. In the fresh condition they 

 were distinguishable from leucocytes by their remarkable capacity of 

 light refraction. They were also much slower than the latter in 

 staining with methylene blue or fuchsine. Their movements became 

 more lively in a strong light. Water and other reagents killed them, 

 and then, even when stained, they could not be distinguished from 

 leucocytes. They have also been seen by Brumpt. R. Blanchard found 

 amoebae which may belong here in the lungs of sheep. A. pulmonalis 

 is perhaps the same as Entamceba buccalis. Smith and Weidman 3 

 (1910, 1914) described an entamceba, E. mortinataliiim, from the 

 lungs and other organs of infants in America. 



Amoeba urogenitalis, Baelz, 1883. 



This species was found in masses in the sanguineous urine as well 

 as in the vagina of a patient in Japan, aged 23. Shortly before the 

 death of the patient, which was caused by pulmonary tuberculosis, 

 haematuria with severe tenesmus of the bladder had set in. The 

 amoeba, which showed great motility, and had a diameter of about 

 50 /-c when quiescent, exhibited a granular cytoplasm and a vesicular 

 nucleus. Baelz is of opinion that these parasites were introduced into 

 the vulva with the water used for washing the parts, and thence had 



1 See Craig (1913), Amer. Journ. Trop. Dis. and Prevent. Med.^ i, p. 351- 



- Arch, de Parasitologie, i, p. 275. 



3 Amer. fount. Trop. Dis. and Prevent. Med.> ii, p. 256. 



