CHLAMYDOPHRYS ENCHELYS 47 



Order. Foraminifera, d'Orbigny. 



The order is divided by Max Schultze into Monothalamia and Polythalamia. Only 

 a few of the former can be considered here. 



Sub-Order. Monothalamia. (Testaceous Amoebae). 



These forms occur frequently in fresh water, rarely in sea water. 

 They possess a shell which is either pseudo-chitinous in character, or 

 consists of foreign particles, or in a few cases is composed of siliceous 

 lamellae. There is usually an orifice for the protrusion of pseudopodia. 

 The only representative of the order of interest here is : 



Genus. Chlamydophrys, Cienkowski, 1876. 



The genus is based on a form which A. Schneider carefully investigated and 

 considered to be the Difflugia enchelys of Ehrenberg. L. Cienkowski redis- 

 covered this same form and created for it the genus Chlamydophrys. We agree 

 with this view, but not with the renaming of the organism (so common at the time). 

 If the parasite in dung, Chlamydophrys stercorea Cienk: is identical with Difflugia 

 enchelys of Ehrenberg, the old specific name should be retained. 



The genus is characterized by the possession of a hyaline, structure- 

 less, slightly flexible shell which is ovoid or reniform. At the more 

 pointed pole there is an orifice situated terminally or somewhat laterally, 

 serving for the emergence of the filiform pseudopodia (fig. 13, a). 

 The protoplasm does not entirely fill the interior of the shell. An 

 equatorial zone bearing excretory granules divides the shell internally 

 into two almost equal portions. The anterior portion is rich in 

 vacuoles and serves for the reception of nutriment and for digestion. 

 The posterior part is vitreous, and contains the nucleus. One to three 

 contractile vacuoles are situated in the equatorial zone. 



Chlamydophrys enchelys, Ehrbg. 

 Syn. : Chlamydophrys stercorea, L. Cienkowski. 



This species (fig. 13) is found in the faeces of various animals (cattle, 

 rabbits, mice, and lizards), and also in quite fresh human faeces. 

 According to Schaudinn, the parasite occurs so frequently in the 

 human faeces that it must be considered of wide distribution. The 

 species must traverse the intestine of man and animals during one 

 stage of its life cycle, as Schaudinn showed by experiments on himself 

 and on mice. He infected himself with cysts (fig. 14) by swallowing 

 them, and evacuated the first Chlamydophrys as early as the following 

 day. After the evacuation of numerous specimens on one of the 

 following days the infection ceased. 



The nucleus of a living specimen is surrounded by a hyaline, 

 strongly refractile chromidial mass, arranged in the form of a ring. 

 Chromatin stains colour it darkly. 



Asexual multiplication (fig. 13, b), which takes place in faeces, follows 



