244 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



one, is reported by Lankester, 1 relates to a sailor who suffered from 

 an abscess behind the ear, and from which a liver fluke was expelled. 

 Finally, Dionis de Carrieres reports the case of a man, aged 35, in 

 whose right hypochondriac region a tumour the size of a pigeon's egg 

 had formed, and from which a young liver fluke was extracted. 



From such records it is not impossible that Distomum ocnli 

 humani, Ammon, 1833, as well as Monostomum lentis, v. Nordm., 

 1832, may have been very young hepatic flukes that had strayed. 

 Ammon found four specimens (length 0*5 to i mm.) of his species 

 (named Distomum ophthalmobium by Diesing in 1850) between the 

 opaque lens and the capsule of a five months old child in Dresden, 

 and von Nordmann discovered his Monostomum lentis to the number 

 of eight specimens (only 0-3 mm. in length) in the opaque lens of 

 an old woman. Minute white bodies which Greef found in the cortex 

 of the lens of a fisherman, aged 55, removed on account of cataract, 

 were with some reserve regarded as Trematode larvae. The fact that 

 Ammon found that the intestinal caeca of the worm discovered by 

 him had no lateral branches does not negative the above opinion, as 

 in the liver fluke the intestinal caeca are originally unbranched, and 

 according to Lutz they only develop lateral ramifications later, between 

 the twelfth and twent}r-second day of infection (fig. 144). 



Fasciola gigantica, Cobbold, 1856. 



Syn. : Distomum giganteum, Diesing, 1858; Fasciola gigantea, Cobbold, 1858 ; 

 Cladoccelium giganteum, Stoss., 1892 ; Fasciola hepatica var. angusta, Raill., 1895 '> 

 Fasciola hepatica var. agyptiaca, Looss, 1896. 



This species is closely allied to Fasciola hepatica, but is distin- 

 guished by its elongated body, short cephalic cone, almost parallel 

 sides, larger ventral sucker, which is also closer to the oral sucker, 

 and by its larger eggs. Length up to 75 mm., width up to 12 mm. 

 Oral sucker i to 1-2 mm., ventral sucker up to 17 mm. in diameter. 

 Eggs I 5 P to 190 fi long by 75 //, to 90 //, broad. 



Habitat. Bile-ducts of Camelopardalis giraffa, Bos taunts, Bos 

 indicus, Bos bubalis, Ovis aries and Capra hircus. 



Distribution. Africa. 



This species has once been observed in man by Gouvea, in Rio de 

 Janeiro, in a French naval officer who became ill with fever, cough 

 and slight blood-spitting. The lungs were normal except for a 



1 In the English translation of Kiichenmeister's work on Parasitolrgy (London, 1857). 

 The specimen is preserved in the Hunterian Museum, London, and is an adult liver fluke, 

 measuring 18 mm. in length and 7 mm. in breadth. 



