ANGUILLULA 



379 



appeared in the faeces of the patient. The nature of the infection, which was perhaps 

 of unique occurrence, remained doubtful. 



Genus. Anguillula, Ehrenberg, 1826. 



Buccal cavity very small, without lips. Males without bursa, but with a series of 

 papillae. Lateral lines absent. 



Anguillula aceti, Miiller, 1783. 



Cuticule unstriped, body cylindrical, anterior end tapering but little, 

 posterior end long, pointed. Male up to 1*45 mm. long, 0-024 to 

 0*028 mm. wide; two pre-anal papillae, one post-anal; spicules equal, 

 curved, 0*038 mm. long ; gubernaculum present ; testis extending in 

 front of mid-line of body. Female up to 2*4 mm. long, 0*040 to 

 0*072 mm. wide ; anterior uterus reaching to near the oesophagus, 

 posterior to hind gut. Viviparous ; embryos in both or only in one 

 uterine horn, o'22 mm. long, 0*012 mm. broad. 



The species is a frequent inhabitant of vinegar (prepared by older methods), and 

 was once observed for some time by Stiles and Frankland in the urine of a woman ; 

 the urine had an acid reaction, and once had a distinct odour of vinegar. It was 

 assumed that the patient, who was hysterical and suffered from chronic nephritis, 

 employed vaginal douches with diluted vinegar, perhaps to deceive her physician or 

 to protect herself against conception. According to Ward, Billings and Miller are 

 said to have reported on two other cases. Ill-effects which might be connected with 

 the vinegar eel (Anguillula aceti} were not present. 



Genus. Anguillulina, Gervais and Beneden, 1859. 

 Syn. : Tylenchus, Bastian, 1864. 



Characterized by the possession in the buccal cavity of a spine knobbed pos- 

 teriorly ; bursa present ; uterus asymmetrical. Numerous species parasitic in 

 plants. 



Anguillulina putrefaciens, Kiihn, 1879. 



Syn.: Tylenchus putrefaciens, Kiihn ; Trichina contorta, Botkin, 1883. 



In 1883 Botkin (Pet.klin. Wochenschr., 1883) found a small Nematode, which was, 

 however, entirely mistaken, in the material vomited by a Russian ; this was not a 

 species of Trichinella, but an Anguillulina living in onions which had already, in 

 1879, l:)een described by Kiihn as Tylenchus putrefaciens ; the Nematodes got into 

 the stomach with the onions, causing nausea and vomiting. 



Family. Angiostomidae, Braun, 1895. 

 Genus. Strongyloides, Grassi, 1879. 



Syn. : Pseudorhabditis, Perroncito, 1881 ; Rhabdonema, Leuckart, 1882, /./. 



The genus is insufficiently defined. The parasitic form possesses a simple mouth 

 opening directly into the long cylindrical oesophagus which occupies the anterior 

 third of the body. The free-living forms possess a small buccal cavity ; the 

 oesophagus is short, with a double bulb, in the hinder one there is a Y-shaped 

 chitinous valve ; two spicules of equal size. 



