SARCOPHAGA 589 



Genus. Sarcophaga, Mg. 

 Sarcophaga carnosa, L., 1758. 



Larvae of flesh-flies provided with two claws at the anterior end, which settle 

 on raw or cooked meat, and in the open on carcases of animals ; they are often 

 observed in man, both in the intestine (introduced with food) and in the nasal 

 cavities, frontal sinus, conjunctiva, aural meatus, anus, vulva, vagina, prepuce, 

 and open ulcers, often migrating further from the regions first attacked. (Gayot 

 in Conipt. rend. Acad. Set., Paris, 1838, vii, p. 125. Grube in Arch. f. Naturg., 1853, 

 xix, i, p. 282. Legrand du Saulle in Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 1857, xlv, p. 600, 

 and other authors.) 



[This fly is viviparous. The fly varies from 10 to 30 mm. in length, and is 

 of a general ash-grey colour ; the thorax with three dark stripes, the abdomen 

 light grey with three black spots on each segment ; legs black ; base of wings 

 yellow. It also attacks animals and birds, especially geese. The genus Sarcophaga 

 is universally distributed. The maggots are whitish or yellowish footless larvas 

 of twelve segments, tapering to a point in front, broadened posteriorly. There 

 are two mouth hooks, by means of which they rasp their food. The breathing 

 pores are at the end and consist of two groups of three slits, each surrounded by 

 a hardened area. They pupate in their old skin, which turns brown. F. V. T.] 



Sarcophaga magnifica, Schiner, I862. 1 



Syn. : Sarcophaga wohlfahrti, Portschinsky, 1875. 



A species widely distributed over the whole of Europe, occurring especially in 

 Russia (Mohilew) ; the presence of the larvae in man was first observed by 

 Wohlfahrt (1768). The larvas settle in the pharynx, in the nose, the aural meatus, 

 the conjunctiva, and in other regions of the human body ; they also attack domestic 

 animals and birds. As Portschinsky has shown, they cause severe inflammations, 

 haemorrhages and suppurations in the organs in which they occur ; children are 

 especially attacked. A number of cases have been observed also in Central and 

 Western Europe. [The fly has a light grey abdomen with shiny black spots which 

 do not change their shape and appearance according to the angle in which the fly 

 is viewed. F. V. T.] 



(Wohlfahrt : " Observ. de vermibus per nares excretis," Halae, 1768 ; Nov. Act. 

 Acad. Caes. Nat. curios., 1770, iv, p. 277. Gerstacker in : Sitzungsb. Ges. nat. Frde. 

 BerL, 1875, p. 108. Portschinsky in: Horce soc. entom. ross., 1875, 1884, p. 123. 

 Laboulbene in : Ann. Soc. ent. France, 1883 (6), iii ; Bull., p. xcii. Leon in : Bull. 

 Soc. des Med. et Nat. de Jassy, 1905, xix, p. i. Freund, L., in : Verh. Ges. deutsch. 

 Naturf. u. Arzte, Homburg [1901], 1902, ii, 2, p. 450, and other authors.) [Probably 

 most cases of attack in Europe are due to this species. F. V. T.] 



The above cited do not exhaust the number of observations of diptera larv;e 

 parasitic in man ; there are yet to be mentioned the larvas of S. hceuiorrhoidalis, 

 S. hcematodes (of G. Joseph), those of S. ruficornis (excitants of a cutaneous myiasis 

 in the East Indies), those of species of Eristalis (of Hanby and others), and those of 

 Phora rufipes (of Kahl, of Warsaw, and others). In many cases the determination 

 of the diptera larvas has been omitted (or must be omitted) ; such is the case with 

 diptera larvas in the eye (Schultz-Zehden in : Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 1906, p. 286. 

 Ollendorf in : Med. Korrespondenzbl. d. iviirt. drtzl. Landcsver., 1904, p. 1017. 

 Kayser in : Klin. Monatsbl. f. Augenheilkunde, 1905, xliii, i, p. 205. Ewetzky and 

 v. Kennel in : Zeitschr.f. Augenheilkunde, 1904, xii, p. 337, and other cases). Austen 



[The correct name for this fly is Wohlfahrtia magnifica, Schiner. F. V. T.J 



