614 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



Brachvcera of Tasmania," part I, Papers and Proc. Roy. Soc. of 

 Tasmania for 1914, 1915, pp. 35-74)5 describes a new blood-sucking 

 Leptid, Spaniopsis tabaniformis, which resembles a small gad fly 

 (Tabanus) in appearance. 



P\cnosoma piitoriinn : This is believed by Rouband (" Les Pro- 

 ducteurs de Myiases et Agents similaires chez I'homme et les ani- 

 maux," Paris, 1914, part I) to be largely concerned in the spread of 

 amoebic dysentery in French West Africa. 



Lncilia argyrocephaln, Macquart : This green-bottle fly is described 

 by Roubaud as producing myiasis in Africa (" Les Producteurs de 

 Myiases et Agents similaires chez I'homme et les animaux," 1914, 

 Paris, part I). It attacks ulcers and sores in man and animals. 



Auchmeromyia Inteola, Fabr. : Schwetz (Ann. Trap. Mcd. and Par., 

 1914, viii, No. 3, pp. 497-507), collected a large quantity of this 

 insect at Kabinda. He placed them in flasks with sand and a few 

 days later they pupated, and in fifteen days several flies hatched 

 out. The larval period varies from an unknown minimum up to 

 several months. The larva may live for at least two months without 

 food. A female oviposited on the I7th ; and on the iSth one larva 

 hatched. The pupal stage* seems to last eight to fifteen days. The 

 larvae appear to bite by day as well as night according to native 

 information. 



Cordylobia anthropophaga, Grtinb. : Roubaud (" Etudes sur la 

 Faune parasitaire cle 1'Afnque occidentale franchise," part I, " Les 

 Producteurs des Myiases et Agents similaires chez I'homme et les 

 animaux/' Paris, 1914) gives the life-history of this species. One 

 fly laid 150 ova in a glass vessel, on the sides, and on some rotten 

 fruit, and died the following day. He found that fifteen larvae just 

 hatched placed on sand in a glass vessel with a guinea-pig gave rise 

 to characteristic tumours on the ventral surface of the body and 

 the anus. Other experiments failed. It thus seems that infection 

 takes place from larvae which have hatched apart from the host. 

 Infection of man is regarded as accidental ; no positive infection of 

 horses, oxen, sheep or pigs is known it is rare in goats, and poultry 

 never seem to be attacked. The result of experiments tends to show 

 that the apparent choice of a host is mainly a question of body 

 temperature. The larva, whether freshly emerged or eight to ten clays 

 old, penetrates the skin immediately, boring obliquely between the 

 epidermis and dermis. Once removed from the tumour the maggot 

 cannot bore again. The first moult takes place about three days 

 after penetration, and the total period of residence in the host is 

 seven to eight days. Upon emerging the larva falls to the ground 

 and buries itself. In two or three days it pupates and this stage lasts 

 no longer than twenty days. High temperatures, such as 95 F., 

 appear to be fatal. 



