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wound, lying in cavities ; even after eight days Ascarides escaped 

 from the wound. The author assumes there was a perforation of the 

 gut wall ; it is strange that the worms were able to exist a proportion- 

 ately long time in the muscular tissue. Schoeppler 1 states that there 

 is the danger of an appendicitis even after the death of an Oxyuris 

 that has found its way into the appendix. Oui 2 met with two 

 specimens of Trichocephalus which had become embedded by their 

 thin ends deep in the mucosa. Frangenheim 3 is not in a position to 

 pronounce any opinion as to what part intestinal parasites play in the 

 etiology of appendicitis. In a case recorded by Kahane 4 many 

 Trichocephali were found partly free in the appendix and partly 

 embedded in the mucosa ; microscopically appendicitis was dia- 

 gnosed. At a laparotomy for salpingitis Heekes 5 found the appendix 

 elongated, thickened, and containing about eleven Oxyuris without 

 the mucosa being in any way changed. In one case Andrews 6 claims 

 Ascarides to have been the direct cause of the appendicitis. The 

 literature dealing with this question, so important in our time, has 

 been collected almost without any omissions, but, unfortunately, 

 no decisive opinion as to the significance of parasites in appendicitis 

 can be inferred from it. The vexed question whether intestinal 

 parasites, especially Ascaris, are able to penetrate the intestinal wall is 

 just as little finally decided. Leuckart, 7 Heller, 8 Mosler and Peiper, 9 

 Henoch, 10 Davaine, 11 Kiichenmeister, 12 and Bremser 13 are opposed 

 to the idea that the healthy intestinal wall can be penetrated by 

 intestinal worms, especially Ascarides, whilst a whole series of other 

 authors are of the opinion that even the healthy intestinal mucosa can 

 be perforated. Among these is numbered Mondiere, 14 who is of the 

 opinion that Ascaris, by violent pressure against the mucosa, forces it 

 so much apart that it is enabled to escape through the gap thus 

 formed into the peritoneal cavity; this opinion is shared by 

 v. Siebold. 15 Rokitansky 16 considers perforation of the gut by Ascaris 



1 Schoeppler, Centralbl. f. Bakt., 1906. 



2 Oui, Rev. prat. d'Obstet. et tie Paed., 1906. 



3 Frangenheim, Samml. klin. Vortr., 1906, No. 424. 



4 Kahane, Schweiz. Korrespondenzbl., 1907, viii. 



5 Heekes, Brit. Med. Journ., March 16, 1907. 



6 Andrews, ibid., 1906. 7 Leuckart, " Die Parasiten des Menschen." 



8 Heller, " Handb. d. spez. Path./' v. Ziemssen, vii. 



9 Mosler and Peiper, " Spez. Path. u. Ther.," v. Nothnagel, vi. 

 10 Henoch, " Vorlesungen iiber Kinderkrankheiten." 



" Davaine, " Traite des Entozoaires." 



12 Kuchenmeister and Ziirn, " Die Parasiten des Menschen." 



13 Brem,er, "Lebende Warmer im lebenden Menschen." 



14 Mondiere, Schmidt's Jahrb., 1840. 



15 v. Siebold, " Parasiten" in Wagner's " Handworterbuch, 1 ' 1845. 



16 Rokitansky, " Path. Anat." 



