674 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



do any harm to the tapeworm, nevertheless it has been recently 

 recommended by Carratu 1 ; chloroform 6'o, sirup. 60*0, one tea- 

 spoonful to be taken every hour (fasting). Salol is recommended by 

 Galli-Valerio 2 as an absolutely harmless tapeworm drug ; thymotal 

 (a derivative of thymol) by Pool, 3 3 grm. to be given up to three to 

 four times on four consecutive days. 



The drug well known long ago, cuprum oxyd. nigr., has been 

 recently brought into fresh notice by Dorr. 4 It is also the chief con- 

 stituent of the tapeworm drug introduced into commerce by the firm 

 of Dehlsen (Itzehoe) (Koch 5 ). The coconut is absolutely ineffectual, 

 also naphthalin, croton-chloral, ether, gallanol, strontium lactate, 

 glycerine and bromide of potash. 



Where possible one should endeavour to discover the head or the 

 heads of the tapeworm in the stools, so as to make certain whether 

 the treatment has been successful ; this search is best carried out by 

 immediately and carefully pouring water over the total quantity of 

 evacuations collected in the night stool, without stirring them up, till 

 only the tapeworm is found lying at the bottom of the vessel. 



NEMATODES. 



Strongyloides stercoralis. 



The pathological significance of this intestinal parasite is not yet 

 fully demonstrated. In Seifert's 6 observation, on what Leichtenstern 7 

 called the celebrated Wiirzburg case, the patient had suffered many 

 times from attacks of blood-stained diarrhoea with tenesmus, as in 

 Zinn's 8 case of a three year old boy who had bloody purulent diarrhoea. 

 Schluter 9 speaks of a haemorrhagic enteritis produced by Strongyloides. 

 In other cases besides diarrhoea (either with or without blood) there 

 were noted : pains in the body (Schluter), tenderness of the abdomen, 

 loss of appetite, gastric troubles of a general kind, headache, giddi- 

 ness, fainting attacks, anaemia (Silvestri, 10 Valdes, 11 and Trappe 12 ), so 

 that even if in isolated cases (Fiilleborn 13 ) symptoms are absent, some 

 significance cannot be denied these parasites as a matter of course 



1 Carratu, Giorn. med. del regio e sere. , 1903. 



2 Galli-Valerio, Therap. Monatsh., 1900. 



3 VoQ\ t Med. Wochc, 1901. 4 Dorr, "Therap. der Gegenwart," 1901. 



5 Koch, Med. Klinik, 1907. 



6 Seifert, "Sitzungsberichte der pliys.-med. Ges. in Wurzburg," 1883. 

 ' Leichtenstern, Arbeiten aus d. kaiser I. Gesundheitsamte, 1905, xxii. 



8 Zinn, Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 1900, xlix. 



11 Schliiter, " Diss. Kiel," 1905. 10 Silvestri, see Schliiter loc. cit. " Valdes, ibid. 

 2 Trappe, Deutsch. med, Wochenschr., 1907. 

 13 Fulleborn, Biol. Abt. d. arztl.-Vereins in Hamburg, October 14, 1902. 



