686 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



(Prowe 3 ), but one is compelled to repeat it on two consecutive days, 

 or even oftener, with subsequent intervals of many days. Thymol is 

 either given in wafers, gelatine capsules or mixed with sugar. Caution 

 should be used in giving brandy at the same time or bodies which 

 dissolve thymol (oil, fat) and thereby considerably favour its absorp- 

 tion. It has been shown in many cases from toxic phenomena 

 that thymol is by no means an indifferent drug; violent burning in 

 the stomach and alimentary canal, lowering of the temperature, 

 .shortness of breath and feeble pulse, giddiness, delirium and fainting 

 have all been observed. Sandwith 2 and Thornhill. 3 as well as 

 Leichtenstern, 4 even record cases of death after the use of thymol ; 

 4 grm. thymol caused severe symptoms of poisoning in Griinberger's 5 

 case. The black colour of the urine (thymoluria) which so often sets 

 in after the first dose is quite harmless, and is no centra-indication 

 to the continuance of the cure. Now and again there are traces of 

 albumin in the urine, but it is very seldom there is any severe acute 

 inflammation of the kidneys. Thymol is contra-indicated in advanced 

 old age and in debility, also in cases with a tendency to vomiting, in 

 gastritis, dysentery, heart or kidney affections. 



The combination recommended by Goldmann 6 under the name 

 of taeniol, already mentioned under the treatment of tapeworms, and 

 which consists of thymol, sebirol and salicylate, appears also to render 

 good service in the treatment of ancylostomiasis (Goldmann 7 and 

 Liermberger 8 ). 



A carbonate of thymol, thymotal, from which thymol separates off 

 in the intestine, is given three to four times a day, in doses of 

 3 grm. per diem (children up to 1*0 grm.) on four consecutive days, 

 and at the end of the treatment a purge (Pool, 9 Bauer 10 ) ; Leonardi 11 

 speaks well of thymol essence (4/0 c.c. per diem) in an emulsion with 

 plenty of water. 



The next drug for the expulsion of ancylostomes is extrnctum 

 filicis maris, which is to be employed as in tapeworm treatment, but 

 has not always had the desired result, whilst in such cases as resist 

 the fern extract, thymol attains the desired effect (Mann 12 ), whilst the 

 reverse is frequently observed (Grunberger 13 ). Nagel 14 prescribes 

 extr. fil. 8 to 10 grm., chloroform 10 to 15 drops, syr. sennae 16 grm. ; 

 before taking, the glass must be placed in hot water, otherwise the 



I Prowe, Virch. Arch., clviii. 2 Sandwith, quoted by Luubs. 



3 Thornhill, ibid. 4 Leichtenslern, Deutsch. med. Wochenschr.^ 1887. 



5 Grtinberger, loc. cit. 6 Goldmann, Gesf. inner 6 l\fcd. in Wien, March 8, 1906. 



7 Goldmann, Wien. med. IVochenschr., 1905, x. 



8 Liermberger, Berl. klin. Wochcnschr., 1905. 



* Pool, Med. Wochc, 1901. J0 Bauer, Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1904. 



II Leonardi, 6*0:2. d. Osp., 1904. '- Mann, loc. cit. 



13 Grunberger, loc. cit. 14 Nagel, Deutsch. med. Wochenschr., 1903. 



