SUPPLEMENT 719 



from diseases of the nose should sleep during the day-time in the 

 open or in public habitations : sufferers from nasal diseases should 

 pay special attention to this. 



Treatment consists in the removal of the larvae ; this, however, is 

 not always easy. 



With regard to the methods which have proved to be effectual in 

 the destruction of living larvae and their expulsion from the nose, 

 strongly smelling and easily diluted fluids come first, such as alcohol, 

 eau-de-Cologne, and ether, which should kill the creatures when 

 injected into the nostrils. The earlier physicians, such as Salzmann, 1 

 Honold, 2 and Henkel, 3 have seen good results from the use of these 

 methods, whilst Mankiewicz 4 and Goldstein 5 obtained no results 

 whatever. Kimball's 6 careful investigations have shown that a decoc- 

 tion of bitter herbs recommended by Behrends 7 (tansy, wormwood) 

 have just as little effect as the tobacco decoction employed by 

 Boerhave 8 and Kilgour. 9 The sternutatories employed by the older 

 physicians are entirely neglected. Delasiauve 10 experienced good 

 results from the inhalation of the smoke of paper cigarettes, which 

 were soaked with a solution of 2 - o pot. arsenic in 30*0 distilled water. 

 Whilst, according to Kirnball, balsam of Peru had no effect on the 

 larvae, Mankiewicz succeeded in removing the larvae from the nose 

 with the help of that drug. Turpentine steam or mixtures of turpentine 

 employed by Indian physicians have not been very effectual according 

 to Moore, 11 Kimball and Goldstein. Success has been attained in 

 some cases by the use of insufflations of calomel (Roura, 12 Cerna, 13 

 Schmidt 14 ) or of iodoform (Pascal 15 ). Joseph 16 recommends con- 

 centrated alum solution being sniffed up into the nose as very effectual. 

 Sublimate and carbol solutions do not appear to be very successful 

 (Kimball, Moore, Goldstein), whilst benzine inhalations (Pierre 17 ) 

 have shown better results. Scheppegrell 18 strongly recommends 

 injections of oil which kill the larvae, while it is perfectly harmless 

 to the nasal mucosa. Cesare 19 employed nasal lavages with solutions 

 of salicylate of soda with good results, and Calamida 20 lavages with 

 physiological saline solution. Bresgen 21 recommends the nose being 



1 Salzmann, see Tiedernann, Mannheim, 1844. 2 Honold, ibid. 



3 Henkel, ibid. 4 Mankiewicz, Virchovfs Archiv, 1868, xliv. 



5 Goldstein, New York Med. Journ., 1892. 



6 Kimball, ibid., 1893. 



7 Behrends, see Tiedemann. 8 Boerhave, ibid. 



9 Kilgour, ibid. 10 Delasiauve, he. cit. 



11 Moore, Chicago Med. Times, 1893. I2 Roura, Gaz. di San. milit., 1884. 



13 Cerna, New York Med. Journ., 1893. 14 Schmidt, Texas Courier, 1884. 

 15 Pascal, Arch. d. Med. milit., 1895. ' 6 Joseph, Deutsch. med. Zeitg., 1885. 



17 Pierre, "These de Paris," 1888. 18 Scheppegrell, New York Med. Journ., 1898. 



19 Cesare, he. cit. 2 Calamida, he. cit. 



21 Bresgen, Eulenburg's " Real. Encyclopadie," third edition. 



